Brief description of sow breeding methods and methods
Breeding is the main link to increase the fertility of sows. It is the first point of increasing litter size, improving the robustness of piglets, and reducing production costs. The methods and methods of mating are briefly introduced. First, the way of mating can be divided into three types: “single allocationâ€, “compoundingâ€, and “double matching†according to the number of breedings of sows in one estrus period. 1, single match: In the estrus of a sow, only use the boar once. The advantage is that the burden on the boar can be reduced, the boar can be kept low, the utilization rate of the boar can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to control the timely mating, which may reduce the conception rate and reduce the number of litters. 2. Compounding: In the estrus period of a sow, two boars are used together, which is a common breeding method in production. After mating for the first time, once more than 24 hours, it is often the sperm with more vigor in the reproductive tract of the sow, which increases the chance of combining with the egg, thereby increasing the conception rate and the number of litters. 3. Double-matching: In one estrus period of a sow, two boars of the same breed with a greater descent are to be mated, or two boars of different breeds are mated for a double match. After the first boar breeds, every 10 to 15 minutes, the second boar is matched. The double benefit is due to the fact that using two boars and a sow to mate twice in a short period of time can cause the sow to increase reflex excitement, accelerate the maturation of the follicles, shorten the ovulation time, and increase the number of ovulation. A lot of pigs are born, and the piglets are even in size. Secondly, because the semen of both boars enters the fallopian tube, the eggs have more chances to select fertile sperm for fertilization, thereby increasing the viability of the fetuses and piglets. The disadvantage is the low utilization rate of the boar and the increase of production costs. If only one double match is performed during one estrus period, it will result in the same disadvantage as single match. Sows on breeding farms and left purebreds must not use double-matching methods to avoid pedigrees and cannot be selected for breeding. Second, breeding methods Breeding methods are divided into two methods of artificial insemination. 1, the intersection of: the mating place should choose to be far away from the road, quiet and flat place, and mating before and after feeding the male and female sows 2h. When mating, the estrus maternal should be rushed to the mating place, and a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution should be rubbed with a towel to wash the sow's pus, the anus and the buttocks, and then the boar used. After the boar crossed the sow's back, the boar around the foreskin and the penis was also washed with a towel containing 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, which may reduce or prevent vaginal and uterine infections. Then the sow's tail is turned to one side so that the penis can be smoothly inserted into the vagina. If necessary, you can use your hand to hold the boar's foreskin and guide the penis into the sow's vagina. When the boar finishes leaving the sow after ejaculation, it is necessary to pat or press the sow's waist with her hands to prevent the sow from bowing, so as to prevent the sperm from flowing out of the vagina; it is also necessary to prevent the sow from lying down and taking a cold shower. Then return the sows to their original resting place. After the boar has been assigned to the species, it is necessary to let it rest for a while and then return to the original circle to prevent cold showers. After mating, records should be made in time to observe whether or not estrus occurs again after 21 days, and serve as the basis for correct feeding and management after registration. 2. Artificial insemination: In artificial insemination of pigs, the semen of the boar is artificially extracted, and after dilution, the gilt is injected into the vagina and uterus of the gilt so that the sow is conceived. This is an effective technical measure for reproduction. Its advantages are greatly improved the utilization rate of boars for improved breeds and accelerated the improvement of pig breeds; it can save boars, save the cost of raising boars, and reduce the production cost; it can solve the contradiction between public and sow physical size and breeding difficulties; Distance to the sows loses sperm, reduces sow’s physical exertion, and prevents the spread of boar and sow disease. Artificial insemination mainly includes the following aspects: inspection, dilution, preservation, transportation and insemination of sperm collection, semen quality and sperm count. When inseminating artificially, the following technical problems should be paid attention to: Firstly, strict inspection should be conducted on the quality of semen and the number of sperm. If the sperm density is too thin, sperm motility is not strong, or there are too many abnormal sperms, etc., they are not suitable for insemination. Secondly, the insemination time must be mastered so that the sows can inseminate when they ovulate most. The third is to master the amount of insemination, generally 0.5 to 1.5 times the diluted semen 20 ~ 30mL for insemination, the number of sperm from 1.5 to 2 billion. The fourth is to pay attention to the insulation of semen. The temperature below 5 °C insemination is not good. Pay attention to the heat preservation of the transport on the way and the insulation of the fine equipment. Outdoor insemination should be rapid and accurate, so that the sperm is not stimulated by low temperature, affecting the breeding effect. In recent years, there has been the use of frozen sperm to inseminate, as long as the method of freezing and thawing is well mastered, so that the sow can also be conceived.
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