Many fish farmers believe that the low survival rate of fry each year is a major factor affecting the profitability of fish farming. To improve fry survival, it's essential to focus on scientific practices during pond selection, pond preparation, water testing, seedling selection, disinfection, and overall management.
When selecting a pond for fry, it's important to choose one with an area of 1 to 2 mu and a water depth of 1 to 1.2 meters. These conditions provide an ideal environment for young fish to grow. Before stocking the fry, the pond should be thoroughly cleaned to remove weeds and debris. Then, apply lime or bleaching powder to disinfect the water. For example, 120 to 150 kg of quicklime per mu or 13 to 15 kg of bleaching powder (with 30% chlorine content) can be used to ensure a clean and safe environment for the fry.
After clearing the pond, wait about 7 to 8 days before testing the water. Take a basin filled with pond water, place a few fry in it for 6 to 8 hours. If they remain active and show no signs of distress, it means the chemical residues have dissipated, and it’s safe to introduce the fry into the pond.
Selecting healthy fry is crucial. Choose those that are strong, uniform in size, and free from diseases. A good method is to place the fry in a white porcelain bowl. Strong fry will swim actively and have their heads bent downward, while weak ones may float or move sluggishly.
Before introducing the fry into the pond, they should be disinfected. One common method is to soak them in a 2-4% saltwater solution for about 5 minutes, or in a 10% bleaching powder solution for around 10 minutes. This helps prevent bacterial infections, fungal growth, and parasitic diseases.
Proper management is also key. All feeding tools and equipment must be kept clean and disinfected regularly. The feed should be fresh and of high quality, and feeding should be done according to the fry’s needs. Fertilization is best done on sunny days, and any signs of disease should be addressed immediately with appropriate treatments. By following these scientific practices, fish farmers can significantly improve fry survival rates and enhance the overall success of their fish farming operations.
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