First, build a park
Dragon fruit is more heat-resistant, water-resistant, warm and moist, sandy soil rich in organic matter. Seedlings before cultivation by 1.5 meters 2 meters per acre specifications, standing 1010250 cm 100-110 square cement pillars, cement pillars into the soil 50 cm to support dragon fruit branches climbing, cement pillars on both sides of the top 5-10 cm Hit the hole and lead the two vertical wire crosses for the dragon fruit branches. To prevent the branches from being overloaded or blown by the wind, a fixed tire should be placed on the cross to support the branches. Cement pillars were dug on the opposite sides of a planting hole 10 cm deep, 20 cm long and 20 cm wide, and the internal decomposed organic fertilizer was mixed with the soil. One plant per hole was planted and 3-4 strains were planted next to each cement column.
Second, planting
Dragon fruit can be planted all year round. Three to four strains are planted around each column to allow pitaya plants to grow upward along the column. According to the calculation of 4 seedlings planted per column, 450 plants can be planted at 667 square meters, which can greatly improve the land utilization rate, increase the amount of infancy results, and recover the investment costs as early as possible. When planting, do not plant deep (appropriately 3 cm deep), and keep the soil moist at the beginning.
Third, water and fertilizer management
Dragon fruit is more tolerant to drought, watering once in the initial stage of planting 2-3 days, then keep the soil moist. The root system of dragon fruit is shallowly distributed, and fertilization should be applied in small quantities several times to prevent burning of roots and rot. After planting seedlings germinate, thin human feces and urine may be applied within about 10 centimeters from the seedlings of the seedlings, and about 1 kilogram per plant. After each germination, one human feces with 0.3% urea and 0.1% potassium chloride is applied. Urine until the dragon fruit blooms. The first year of fertilization 6-8 times, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined with potassium, calcium, magnesium phosphate and so on. In winter, it covers a decomposed organic fertilizer or mushroom residue, about 10 kilograms per plant, to enhance the ability of plant insulation and cold resistance. After the flowering results, fertilization three times a year, namely the pre-flowering fertilizer in April, the strong fruit fertilizer in August, and the overwintering fertilizer in December, are dominated by decomposed organic fertilizer and ternary compound fertilizer.
IV. Field cultivation management
About 12-14 months after the planting of dragon fruit, the flowering result begins. It can be flowered 12-15 times per year. The fruit production period is from April to November. It can be harvested 30-40 days after the flower is cut, and the fruit weight is generally 500-1000 grams. . In the second year after planting, more than 20 fruit were produced per column, and in the third year, it was in fruit period. With a higher level of management, the output of 667 square meters can reach more than 2500 kg, and the yield is good as early as possible.
Because of the long fruit harvesting period, the thin-fat fertilizer application requires re-application of organic fertilizer every year. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be applied in a balanced manner over a long period of time. Potassium and magnesium fertilizers are added during flowering to promote the accumulation of sugar in fruits and improve quality. During the result period, the soil was kept moist and the tree tray was covered with grass or mushroom residue. When the weather is dry, water is poured 3-4 days.
Shaped pruning branches climbing to the top of the cement column should be allowed to maintain the growth of a single branch, to be long after the top of the column (1.3 to 1.4 meters) should be topping, and promote branching, and let the branches naturally sagging, accumulation of nutrients, early flowering results. The dragon fruit that grows well has higher natural germination power. Generally, 3-5 new branches can be drawn per branch, which is the result of increasing or decreasing the number of strong branches. Each year, the vegetative growth period leaves 1-3 roots for each visible growth. In the period of reproductive growth, in order to ensure nutrient requirements for fruit development, newly emerged shoots should be completely removed.
Interplanting and artificial pollination When planting red meat type pitaya, about 10% of the white meat type of dragon fruit is planted. Pollination between varieties can significantly increase the seed setting rate. In case of rainy weather, artificial pollination is required. Pollination may be applied directly to the female stigma with a brush to increase the rate of fruit setting in the early evening or early morning flowers are not closed.
Sparse fruiting and fruiting Dragon fruit has a long flowering period and strong flowering ability. It blooms from May to October, and each branch produces 2.7 flower buds per season. After pollination and fertilization are normal, the withered flowers can be cut off (retaining the stigma and sepals below the ovary). When the predicate diameter is about 2 cm, fruit thinning begins. Each branch leaves a young fruit with full development, bright green color, no damage and deformity, and a certain growth space. The remaining sparse to concentrate nutrients and promote fruit. Grow.
The fruit bag should be bagged with waste newspapers or kraft paper bags before peeling, in order to keep the skin evenly colored, and to prevent birds, wasps and other bites, as well as wind scratches and sun exposure, to increase the value of the goods.
The fruit harvesting period of timely harvesting varies with the season of production, the location of the landfill, and the variety. Generally about 45 days after flowering can be harvested. Late harvesting will not only cause cracking, but also cause the local color of the peel to become black and affect the value of the commodity. For long-distance transport or fruit that must be stored for a long time, it should be harvested before the fruit softens and darkens.
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