Roundworm, also known as dry bulb disease, dry rot, or black spot, is a fungal infection belonging to the phylum Fungi, specifically the Deuteromycotina class. It is characterized by its mycelial structure and spore morphology. This pathogen primarily affects mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and even white fungus, causing significant damage during the fruiting stage.
The disease typically does not infect the mycelium but targets the fruiting body. Dry rot spreads quickly and has strong invasiveness. Early infections can lead to the formation of gray-white, dry tissue blocks that fail to develop into proper stems and caps. These infected tissues do not release any liquid and emit a foul odor. When young mushrooms are affected, the pathogen's mycelium invades the core of the fruiting body, causing the stem base to swell abnormally and turn brown with cracked outer layers. The cap grows slowly, becomes distorted, and the mushroom appears stunted and rigid. In later stages, the cap develops irregular brown spots that gradually expand into depressions filled with conidia from the mold. The stem thickens, turns brown, and cracks, while the mushroom becomes deformed without rotting or emitting a smell. Eventually, the mushroom dries up, cracks, and dies. Inside, the tissue appears yellow-brown, dry, and loose. From infection to visible symptoms, the disease progresses over approximately 14 days.
In addition to affecting mushrooms, the pathogen can cause Trepontica trichodiosis, which leads to shortened ear bases, dark brown discoloration, and small, shriveled ears resembling cauliflower. Some parts of the ear may contract, while others continue to open. Under moist conditions, a white mold rapidly develops on the surface, consisting of the pathogen’s spores and conidia.
The dry rot pathogen thrives in soil and air, with optimal growth at around 22°C. It becomes less active when temperatures drop below 12°C, showing little to no symptoms. The bacteria’s conidia often clump together and spread through mushrooms, flies, contaminated tools, soil, and even human contact. They can enter the growing area via culture materials or soil. Initial infections usually result from spores surviving in the environment, while rapid spread occurs through human activity, airflow, insects, or water splashes. High temperatures, poor ventilation, and high humidity increase the risk of infection.
To prevent and control the disease, it is essential to spray a diluted mildew net solution (500 times) on all surfaces, including beds, frames, floors, and walls, especially in high-risk areas. As soon as symptoms appear, stop watering and lower the temperature to 15°C or below. Apply 2% formaldehyde and a 1:500 dilution of gentian net solution around the mushrooms multiple times. In severe cases, remove all infected mushrooms, stop watering, and ventilate to dry the area. After burning the infected material, apply the solution again to suppress further spread. Thoroughly clean all tools, materials, and equipment with the same solution, and eliminate pests to prevent them from entering the growing area. Ensure proper ventilation to remove toxic gases before starting the next cultivation cycle.
Urinary System Drug
Diabetes Insipidus Treatment, Urnary System Drug, Urinary System Use Drug,Urinary Drug
Taizhou Volsen Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.volsenchem.com