Fermentation using fungal cultures is an effective method for feed production. As the mushroom industry continues to grow, a significant amount of by-product known as "mushroom scum" or "membrane" is often discarded during the cultivation process. This waste not only represents a potential pollution source but also leads to economic losses and environmental issues, which negatively impact both the edible fungi industry and nearby communities.
In reality, what is considered "waste" is often just misplaced value. Mushroom scum is actually rich in nutrients and can serve as an excellent source of roughage. When properly fermented, it can be transformed into high-quality animal feed. The nutritional composition of this material varies depending on the type of edible fungus and the main substrate used, but on average, it contains about 8% crude protein, 0.8% crude fat, 17% crude fiber, and 40% nitrogen-free extracts. It's also packed with essential minerals such as calcium, zinc, copper, phosphorus, iron, and magnesium.
After harvesting, a large amount of leftover parts remain, including stems, mycelium, and bacterial components. These contain valuable substances like bacterial proteins, polysaccharides, and various bioactive compounds. Their nutrient profile is remarkably similar to that of mushrooms and rice bran, making them highly suitable for feed applications.
Using a goldfish feed fermentation starter can significantly enhance the quality of the final product. You can add several times more than usual. The process of fermenting mushroom scum into feed is straightforward: simply mix the materials with the fermentation aid in the right proportions and let it ferment for three days. This technique results in a nutrient-rich feed that surpasses wheat bran by up to 30%. In terms of performance, it outperforms wheat bran when used in pig and poultry diets, with up to 40% inclusion in fattening pigs, 70% in sows, 20% in broilers, and 60% in geese. This makes it a sustainable and economically viable alternative to traditional feed ingredients.
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