Wheat lodging
Symptoms During the middle and late stages of wheat development, local or most lodgings occur, which seriously affect the ripening of wheat and reduce the weight of one thousand grains, resulting in a reduction in yield. According to the survey, an average yield of 35kg was reduced due to lodging of 667m2, which directly affected the high yield and stable production of large areas of wheat.
The first cause of the disease is the climatic factor at the end of the wheat filling period. Due to successive rains, accompanied by gusts or strong winds, large areas of wheat can be laid down. Second, improper cultivation measures such as excessive sowing, returning to the green period to carry out top-dressing watering to the internode elongation, especially in the first internode stalk sugar accumulation is reduced, the stem wall thinning, weakening the resistance to collapse, production Above all, in the late May, the weight of the wheat spikes increased, and a high-yield field was poured with wheat and yellow water. The soil was soft, and they all fell to varying degrees after encountering the wind. Third, there are certain differences in lodging ability between breeds.
Control methods (1) Choose high-yielding wheat areas for lodging-resistant wheat varieties to use varieties with strong resistance and comprehensive resistance. Such as Yumai 18, Wenmai 4, Wumai 38, Jinmai 48, Wanmai 26, 28, Gannong 033, Lumai 22, 23, Huamai 8, Chuanmai 24 No. 25, Mianyang No. 25, No. 26, Rongmai No. 1, Chuanongmai 1, Haowan No. 41, Guifeng No. 1, Xinong 881, No. 1376, Xindong No. 18, No. 19, and 20 No. Spring Wheat District can choose Jinmai 13, Suhong 13, Haojiu No. 5, Longmai 23, Yunlong No. 1, Qichun No. 15, Ningchun No. 21, Ningchun No. 22, Hunchun 8139, and Dingfeng 3 No. and other spring wheat resistant lodging varieties. All kinds of high-product varieties are coordinated with each other, so that the layout is reasonable, and production will not be reduced in the years of disasters, and the weather will be higher in the year. (2) Before seeding, seeds should be seeded with 40% chlormequat 667m2 with 75ml or 30g raw powder and evenly seeded after drying. Also use paclobutrazol 100-300mg/kg sprayed on wheat seed, air dry and sowing. (3) Implement precision quantity and establish a reasonable population structure for high yield. Such as Henan planting large ear varieties, sowing rate of 5-6kg per 667m2. Multi-spike varieties, such as Yumai 18, sowing 6-7 kg per 667m2, and vigorously promote the wide and narrow rows of planting, adhere to the fine volume. This has a very important role in forming a reasonable population structure and three factors for different wheat varieties, preventing lodging and increasing yield. (4) Scientific management of fertilizers, water, and high-yield wheat fields must be done in good time in winter water, jointing water, grouting water, generally do not return to Qingshui and wheat yellow water. Spring return to the green period to control the main control of fertilizer and water, to the tip of the wheat inverted two leaves, watering after jointing, as appropriate fertilizer. We tried every means to shorten the internode length of the base. The length of the first quarter was 4.5-5.7cm, and the length of the second quarter was 7.6-8.5cm. If watering is required in the later period, it must be based on the weather forecast, grasping the principle of not pouring before wind and rain, and stopping the pouring of wind and rain, and scientifically manage fertilizer and water. (5) Prevention and control of insect pests, promotion of chemical and biological control Measures such as wheat sheath blight, blight, locust, etc. are mainly prevention-based and integrated. Once the prevention and control indicators are met, the pesticides are sprayed in time to increase the wheat's resilience and lodging resistance. If necessary, spray 15% paclobutrazol powder before jointing in wheat, apply 50-60g per 667m2 of water, and 40-50kg of water, which can effectively control prosperous growth and shorten basal internodes. It is also possible to use 20% of Zhuangfengan Emulsion for wheat during the period of returning green wheat from winter wheat to 30-40ml per 667m2, and 25-30kg of water can be sprayed evenly. Spring wheat in the 3-4 leaf stage, 667m2 with Zhuang Fengan 30-40ml, spraying 25-30kg of water on the foliage. Can be oriented to control the 1-3 base section elongation, but does not affect the internodes under the ear, so that the strong straw wall thickness, effective resistance to fall, increase production 8% -13%. In addition, three thousand cubic centimeters (CCC) can be sprayed in the late stage of late tillering and early jointing of wheat, and 800-100 kg of sprayed liquid can be applied to 667m2, which has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and development of wheat, and the first and second internodes become shorter. Wheat dwarfs, stems become thicker, and the roots develop stoutly, which can effectively prevent the lodging of wheat and increase production by more than 10%. In addition, dilute amine, Leikemai spray, Tianwei foliar fertilizer, Dielkin and so have a certain effect to prevent lodging.
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