Recently, the technicians from the Extension Center of the Nanhui District Agricultural Technology Center visited the fields of Nimai, Wanxiang, Da Tuan and Hui Nan, and observed the growth of the Ermai, rape and green manure crops in the town. Although the previous stage was dominated by fine weather, sufficient light and high temperatures were conducive to the growth of the two wheat, rapeseed and green manure crops, but the growth imbalance was still outstanding. In response to the current growth characteristics of Ermai, rape, and green manure, the following field management opinions are proposed for reference:
First, the growth characteristics
1. Ermai: At present, Ermai is in the peak stage of tillering, and is about to enter the jointing stage. Its growth characteristics are characterized by the “worry and busyness†of the wintering period and the “comforting up and down†period. From the turning green, the jointing stage to the booting stage, it is time for vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The main target of production is to consolidate the effective delivery before the winter, promote the early spring delivery, ensure the full ear, cultivate the strong and large ears and not fall down, and strive for high-yield tablets and grains. Technical measures are: on the basis of the winter tube, see the seedlings, see the land, see the sky, apply good early spring fertilizers, jointing and booting panicle fertilizers, and classify management according to different seedling conditions to promote control and integration.
2. Rape: The growth of rapeseed is in the budding stage of bolting. Its growth characteristics are vegetative growth, fertility and growth, and time to put in high-yield shelves. At present, the root system of rapeseed develops in the depth and horizontal direction, and the water absorption capacity increases exponentially; the main stem rapidly elongates and the branches are drawn out; the short-handled leaves and sessile leaves form successively the spawning; the number of leaves and the area of ​​the leaves increase; the buds continue Differentiation and development grow. The buds are strong, strong in roots, and have many branches. They are important foundations for many angles, grains, and grains. The main targets for field management are strong stems, strong roots, and multiple branches, so as to ensure the stable spring of rapeseeds.
3, green manure: green manure crops basically in our area dominated by broad bean, is still in the birth phase of branches, increasing the green manure is to obtain the key to high yield of green manure crops.
Second, management measures
For the current growth characteristics of Ermai, rape, and green manure, it is particularly important to pay close attention to the current favorable time and strengthen field management in early spring.
(1) Apply Spring Fertilizer: Look at the seedlings to apply the "Spring" fat for the two-wheat spring-back jointing fertilizer, the rapeseed fertilizer for rape and the green manure.
1, two wheat
(1) For the previous application of basal and wax fertilizers, the current total acreage is between 50 and 600,000. The growth is thick and strong. The spring fertilizer can be applied or infrequently applied. The fertilizer is used as the jointing fertilizer after the fixed length of the second node. Use, for the excessive growth of "senior three types of seedlings" plot, 15% paclobutrazol per acre 40 grams, watered 30 to 40 kg, evenly spray.
(2) The growth of wheat seedlings before the winter is better, but after turning green, the leaves are yellow, and the spring fertilizer is appropriate. The amount of urea is 3-4 kg per mu or 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate.
(3) In the same field, there are normal leaves with green and blue, and there are also fallen yellow, and it is not advisable to use Pu Shichun fertilizer to raise the yellow pond mainly, and urea is 2~3 kg per mu.
(4) For fields with poor fertilizer base, insufficient wheat population, and poorly developed individuals, spring fertilizers should be weighted slightly earlier to promote early-onset hair growth and strive for early spring tillering, and require 5 to 6 kg of urea per mu or ammonium bicarbonate. 15 kilograms, after the fixed length of the second stem of the main stem, when the third quarter is extended, the jointing panicle spike fertilizer is reapplied.
2. Rapeseed: The application principle of bolting rapeseed should be earlier than usual, usually before 10cm high. From the field investigation, it is currently in the time of using moss fertilizer, generally 5 kg of urea per mu, but for the fields with more early fertilization and fertile fields, the fertilization time can be delayed and the amount of fertilization can be reduced to ensure early rape. When flowering, the stalks appear reddish on the sunny side, and they grow vigorously and vigorously. At this time, they applied “Huafei Fei†and strived to regain high yields. If there are overgrown fields, excessively large leaves, too dark leaves, and prematurely enclosed fields, it is a key field for the occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and it is necessary to strengthen field management. Conditional farmers should remove old leaves. Ensure that the field is airy and light-transmitting. After the initial flowering, apply manure fertilizer or foliar fertilizer to prevent the rape from becoming old.
3, green manure: For late sowing, wintering period of individual development is small, will soon enter the spring of green manure, should be timely recovery of fertilizer, 15 kg of ammonium per acre, or urea 5 to 6 kg. Small plots with few seedlings and poorly developed individuals may be applied in appropriate ways, but they may be given less or less.
(B) continue to do a good job supporting the trench system
Further improve the drainage and dredging of the summer crops to ensure smooth drainage and effectively reduce the humidity in the fields, so as to ensure the communication between the gutters and the ditch, and to stop the ditch and water in dryness, so as to facilitate the restoration of the crop roots in the field and increase the water absorption capacity of the fertilizers. Spring hair grows steadily."
(c) To eliminate weeds
According to the survey, most of the farmers have already eliminated the two wheat and rapeseeds, but there are still a large number of weeds in the field. To reduce the damage of weeds, we can use the favorable time when the current temperature is high and the humidity is high. Timely medication.
The wheat field mainly composed of grasses and weeds in Wumai can be sprayed with 50% Isoproturon 150g and evenly sprayed with 40kg of water, resulting in severe cropping of large dives and other dicotyledonous weeds with 75% of superstars. 1, 5 grams, watered 40 kg uniform spray.
Rape, green manure with 12,5% or 10,8% efficient cover grass can 20 ~ 30 ml, watering 40 kg uniform spray.
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