(I) Diagnosis
According to the epidemiological characteristics, combined with the comprehensive analysis of clinical symptoms and pathological changes, a preliminary diagnosis can be made. Confirm that laboratory tests are required.
1. Virus isolation and identification
The sample from which the virus is isolated in vivo is a nasal swab. It is easier to isolate the virus during sampling in the febrile phase. The collected swab should be placed in a suitable transport medium (such as glycerine physiological saline, phosphate buffer, etc.), and the temperature should be low ( 4 °C) Save and send to the laboratory as soon as possible. Dead pigs may be taken from the lungs, lymph nodes, etc. as a suspension. Samples were aseptically inoculated with 9- to 11-day-old chicken embryos or non-immune chicken embryos specific for pathogens and incubated at 33-35°C. Chicken embryos that died within 24 hours were discarded, and chickens were collected at 48-72 hours. Allantoic fluid and HI test to prove the presence of influenza virus. If the first generation chick embryo isolate HI is negative, it is passed blindly for several generations. The HA test and NA inhibition test were then performed to determine the HA and NA subtypes of SIV.
2. Serological tests
Double serum samples are required. One was collected during the acute period and the other was collected after 3 to 4 weeks. The commonly used method is the hemagglutination inhibition test. If the recovery period serum is 4 times more than the antibody titer in the acute phase, diagnosis can be made. During diagnosis, non-specific hemagglutination inhibitors and non-specific hemagglutinin that may be present in the serum should be observed to avoid erroneous results. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can also be used to detect the United States IDEXX company has swine influenza enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit supply.
In addition, neutralization test, agar diffusion test, immunofluorescence test, polymerase chain reaction, nucleic acid probe and other tests can also be used for the diagnosis of this disease.
(II) Control measures
The veterinary health and epidemic prevention system shall be strictly enforced in peacetime. Strengthen feeding and management, keep the pens dry, clean, sanitary, and ventilate, pay attention to keeping warm and cold, regularly sterilize, and prevent contact between susceptible animals and non-susceptible animals. The farm does not raise chickens or stay away from poultry farms. Breeders with flu should be removed from work to avoid contact with pigs. To prevent the introduction, spread and spread of the disease.
There is no specific drug treatment for the disease. Symptomatic treatment is generally used to relieve symptoms. Use of antibiotics or sulfonamides can prevent and control bacterial secondary infections. Pedicures can relieve symptoms. The morpholinium chloride or amantadine hydrochloride tablets have a certain effect on reducing fever and reducing detoxification.
Early threatened areas can reduce the risk of communicable diseases through comprehensive measures such as strengthening air sterilization, isolation and blockade. The use of swine flu vaccine for immunization can make the immune antibody levels of pigs tend to be consistent to improve the body's immunity and prevent the occurrence of the disease. The vaccine can also be used for emergency immunization when the disease occurs, which can shorten the course of the disease, reduce the spread of the virus in the herd and control the spread of the disease. The immunization procedure for the prevention of immunization is as follows: gilts are vaccinated twice before use, and the immunization interval is 3 to 4 weeks. The breeding pigs are vaccinated once a year.
(III) Public Health
Pigs are the only common susceptibility animal of the bird-human-human influenza virus. SW has the ability to infect humans and birds. The keeper of the farm, who has contact with the pig, may be infected by contact with the pig. Pigs are also hosts for human flu and are important sites for gene rearrangement of human and bird flu viruses. Therefore, pigs play an important role in the etiology, epidemiology and ecology of human and animal influenza. Swine influenza has important public health significance.
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