After transplanting rice, timely and effective field management is essential to promote early seedling establishment and healthy growth. The following key technical measures are recommended:
1. **Water Management for Transplanted Seedlings**: Immediately after transplanting, it's important to maintain a proper water level in the paddy. A deep-water irrigation method should be used initially to help the seedlings establish roots quickly, followed by shallow watering once the plants start to grow. This helps in achieving early emergence and rapid development. It's also crucial to keep the field free of weeds and ensure proper drainage by cleaning and leveling the furrows. During the 2-leaf and 1-heart stage, maintaining a shallow water layer can further encourage early tillering and strong growth.
2. **Timely Fertilizer Application**: After the rice plants turn green, it's important to apply a base fertilizer. Typically, 5–7.5 kg of urea per mu is recommended. A second top-dressing should be applied 7–10 days later, depending on the growth condition and leaf color. If the seedlings appear weak or show signs of nutrient deficiency, additional nitrogen fertilizer (about 3–4 kg per acre) should be applied. Special attention should be given to areas with poor root development or where mechanical planting was used.
3. **Weed Control**: Within 5–7 days after transplanting, herbicides such as butyl benzyl compounds should be applied to control weeds effectively. After application, it's important to maintain a shallow water layer for 5–7 days to enhance the herbicide’s effectiveness and prevent weed regrowth.
4. **Pest and Disease Prevention**: The brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) is a major threat, often leading to high poisoning rates and the spread of rice stripe disease. To manage this, insecticides should be applied immediately after transplanting, ideally within 3–5 days. Follow-up applications should be made every 4–7 days. For indica rice varieties, this process may need to be repeated 3–4 times, while hybrid rice usually requires 2 treatments.
In cases where seedlings fail to thrive due to improper fertilizer management, adverse weather, or other stress factors, applying appropriate plant growth regulators can help accelerate seedling transformation and recovery. Consistent monitoring and timely intervention are key to ensuring a healthy and productive rice crop.
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