Key techniques of artificial cultivation

1. Field strain production: As long as the grower purchases raw materials of bamboo shoots, he can cultivate self-cultivation strains in the field. From late December to early January, select a tip of Tiantou to sort out a stacker breeding boring machine. Use 80% of mixed wood chips and 20% of wheat bran as a culture material of bamboo vine strains, add 110% of water, and then put it into a woven bag. After sterilizing at normal pressure for 10 hours, remove it with clean water and pour it into the bag. Excrete, then mix in 1% gypsum powder and piling it into the breeding bed. Take 2 layers of material. One layer of bacteria sowing method. The last layer of material surface will be sprinkled with some bacteria. The dry material of 20 kg/m2 will be used for bamboo.荪 3-4 bottles of original species. Cultivation of 100 meters 2 area, only 4 meters 2 field head production, equal to 25:1. After sowing, cover the surface with a woven bag, shade the straw, and finally cover the film with a bamboo bow. After sowing, the membrane was ventilated once every 3-5 days. After cultivating 40-50 days of hyphae full of stockpiles, it will become a field-headed bamboo grass mushroom species. 2, the choice of cultivation materials: The current cultivation of bamboo raw materials are divided into four categories. One is bamboo: stalks, branches, leaves, bamboo heads, and bamboo roots of various bamboos; the other is the type of trees: clastic pieces, branches, leaves, and debris from factory waste; the third is straw: bean stalks, jute stalks , husks, rape stalks, corn cobs, cotton stalks, cottonseed hulls, sorghum stalks, sunflower stalks, shells, etc.; four is the weeds: reeds, oysters, mango, swamps, etc. 3, the production of seasonal arrangements: bamboo cultivation is generally divided into spring and autumn. It is advisable to broadcast in spring. Different temperatures in the north and south of China should grasp two points: First, the sowing temperature does not exceed 28°C, which is suitable for the growth and development of mycelium; second, the bud development period is 2-3 months after sowing, and the temperature is not lower than 10°C to make the bacteria Lei is healthy and develops into fruit bodies. In the southern provinces of China, bamboo vines are interplanted with crops and usually planted in spring. “Thriller” begins to plant seeds for planting, and “Ching Ming” begins interplanting with crops; Northern China postpones them appropriately. 60-70 days after sowing bacteria, entering the summer May-September between mushrooming, the end of October, the production cycle of about 7 months. 4. Placement of trampolines: Use bamboo, oranges, grapes, peaches, pears and other space in the orchards, as well as the trees on the mountain fields to intercropping bamboo baskets. Flat or gentle slopes, near water sources, sandy loam soils containing humus are required. 7-10 days before sowing, clean up the site debris or weeds and turn over the soil. Fruit trees can be sprayed with Bordeaux to kill pests and diseases. The spacing of fruit trees is generally 3 meters and 3 meters, and the space is used as a cultivation bamboo bed. The width is 60-80 centimeters wide and the distance between the sidewalks is 30 centimeters. The soil block should not be too crumbly to facilitate ventilation. 40-50 centimeters beside the fruit trees should be used as the work track. 5, sowing soil with bacteria: soaking the culture material before sowing, control the moisture content of 60% -70% spare. Sowing takes one layer of material and one layer of seed. The seeding and spreading of strains can be all. Put 10 kg of culture material per 2 meters of bed, 5 bottles of bacteria, so that the side of the accessories. While sowing, then cover the mulch on a trampoline. 15-20 days after sowing, generally do not need to spray, it is best to remove membrane ventilation every day for 30 minutes, increase the number of ventilation later. There is more rain in the spring, digging up the drainage ditch. The ditch is 30 cm deeper than the hoe; the mycelium growth temperature is 23-26°C. After sowing, the surface of the trampoline is covered with a layer of 3 cm thick humus. The moisture content of the humus is preferably 18%. After covering the soil, cut into small pieces with bamboo leaves or reeds, cover the surface, and cover the bed with a thin film to prevent rain from leaching. If the crop intercropping method is adopted, the interplanting varieties include soybeans such as soybeans, spleen beans, sorghum, corn, peppers, cucumbers, sunflowers, or tall vines or vine crops. When the bamboo shoots are sown 15-20 days after sowing, it is possible to sow the crop seeds at the digging points beside the earthworms and interplant 50-60 cm apart. 6, fruiting scientific management: after sowing at normal temperature for 25-33 days, mycelium climbed on the material surface, you can remove the film on the bed. The mycelium continues to proliferate after being cultured, absorbs a large amount of nutrients, forms bacilli, and climbs onto the material surface. It turns from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and soon appears buds and breaks the ball to form fruiting bodies. At this time, the forest fruit trees and interplanting crops have a veiled period of lush foliage. The water content in the cultivation period of the fruiting period should be 60%, and the soil moisture content of the cover soil should be no less than 20%. It is better that the air relative humidity is 85%. In the growing season of mushroom buds, except for rainy weather, spray water once every morning and evening, and keep the relative humidity no lower than 9%. Swelling of the mushroom bud gradually emerges the top bulge, followed by breaking the ball in a short period of time, as soon as possible to extract the fruit of the sauter formation. Bamboo raft cultivation is very particular about water spray. The specific requirements are “four look”: that is, a look at the cover. When bamboo leaves or stalks and grass dry, they must spray water. Second look at the cover soil. The cover soil is white and it is necessary to spray more and spray more. Three to see buds. The buds are small, lightly sprayed, mist sprayed, and the buds are mostly sprayed and re-sprayed. Look at the weather four times. On sunny days and in dry days, the amount of evaporation is greater, and it is not sprayed on rainy days. Only in this way can you grow good buds, produce good mushrooms, and blossom beautifully. 7, harvest processing and packaging: After the bamboo shoots can be long mushroom 4-5 tide. The maturation of the fruit bodies is before 12 o'clock in the morning. When the fungus skirt is scattered to 4-5 cm from the lower end of the handle, it must be picked. After the harvest, they are sent to the factory for dehydration and drying. Dry products have a strong return to moisture and can be packaged in double-layer plastic bags and they can be tied tightly. As a commodity export and domestic market retail, you need to use a small plastic bag, 25 grams per bag, 50 grams. 100 grams, 300 grams of different specifications, the outer packaging using double kraft carton.

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