“The biggest headache for organic vegetable production is weed control.†The farmers of a cooperative's organic vegetable base reluctantly said. The author saw a large number of weeds in the base divided equally with organic vegetables such as cabbage and alfalfa. Some vegetable gardens just planted, and the weeds plucked by vegetable farmers were piled up on the hill. It was said that some time ago there were also grass-to-toutou and pumpkins. The situation that grew much higher, and did not know it, thought it was ridiculous. Since organic vegetables are not allowed to use synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, growth regulators, etc. during the cultivation process, the requirements for the inevitable vegetative damage during cultivation are different from those for conventional vegetable cultivation. Organic vegetables are prohibited from weeding with genetic engineering products and chemical herbicides. The main method of weeding is manual weeding. In addition, weeds can be reduced through some supplementary measures.
Weedy organic vegetables, in addition to competing with crops to grab water, but also compete with the space for vegetable crops, resulting in too dense, easy to produce diseases, and transmission of viral diseases, weeds also provide good pest hiding and spawning In the habitats, weeds have the largest number of artificial controls, but we still have to eliminate them. The key is to dig out, except for early, small, and dilute, and the workload starts to increase, and then it becomes less and less.
Artificial weeding mainly refers to artificial cultivation and weeding. The artificial cultivation and weeding are highly targeted, which can not only eliminate the weeds between the rows, but also eliminate the weeds between the plants. The technology is simple and clean, which can prevent weeds and provide good growth conditions for the vegetable crops. During the whole process of growing vegetable crops, we can carry out many times of manual cultivation and weeding according to the need. When weeding, we must seize the favorable opportunity to eliminate the early, small and complete, and can not leave the grass, so as to avoid causing trouble.
Strengthen cultivation management and control grassland Weeds are controlled through the use of cultivation techniques (rotation, green manure, fallowing, etc.) that limit the growth and development of weeds; organic manure must be adequately decomposed (some organic fertilizers contain weed seeds); Inhibition of grass, before and after the allocation of crops crops, we must pay attention to the inhibition of weeds in the former crops, create favorable conditions for the crops after the crops, general carrots, celery and other slow growth, inhibition of weeds is very small, Onions, garlic, and root vegetables are also vulnerable to weeds, while pumpkins, wax gourds, etc. are quickly covered with ground vines during growth, and weeds are easily eliminated. Cabbage, potatoes, turnips, and other weeds have a greater effect. Can also be sprayed with 4% to 10% of acid brewing vinegar, which can eliminate weeds, but also the soil disinfection, in the weeds younger hours spray better.
Cover Straw Straw Straw Straw suppression: The use of straw coverage can not only play a role in conservation, heat preservation, root promotion, fertilization, but also has a herbicidal effect. Crop stalks are smashed into small pieces 3 to 5 cm long and evenly spread between rows of plants and between plants. The amount of coverage should be moderate, because too little coverage will not result in the increase in yield, and if the amount of coverage is too large, pressure seedlings and burnt seedlings may occur, and seedlings may be affected. Coverage of about 400 kilograms per acre is subject to strict cover. Straw cover also has to grasp the coverage period. For example, ginger should be covered in the seedling stage after sowing, and then removed when the temperature drops in the middle and early September; summer and autumn garlic can cover the whole growth period. Before the cover is covered, the straw must be sun-dried. After the cover is covered, pests and weeds must be promptly removed. In addition, old and new newspapers can also be used to cover the surface, which can play a good role in restraining the grass. Plastic film covering Straw: Covered with plastic film, to improve the quality of plastic film coverage, the general coverage of good quality, weed growth is also less. Covering the plastic film must be tightened and flattened to close to the ground. If the cover film is of poor quality, it is not only easy to ventilate and leak air, but also has poor insulation, water retention and fertilizer retention, and it will promote the growth of weeds. The use of black mulch film coverage, the best anti-straw effect, but can not be used in addition to grassland film (because it contains chemical herbicides) cover weeding.
Mechanical weed control machinery weeding is the use of various forms of weeding machinery and surface soil operation machinery cut off the grass roots, interfere with and inhibit the growth of weeds to achieve the purpose of controlling and removing weeds. Mechanical cultivating and weeding are more advanced than manual cultivating and weeding, and the work efficiency is high, but the flexibility is not strong. Generally, this method is used in farms with a relatively high mechanical degree. Shallow extermination of grass: Before the planting, loosening and weeding are carried out with a shallow loosening machine. The depth of loose soil is 5-6 cm. Through the shallow pine, about 70% of the annual weeds are eliminated and some hard-to-remove weeds remain. Artificial weeding at the seedling stage is sufficient. Rotary tillage or rotary sowing of grass: Before we sowing, we use rotary cultivator to perform rotary weeding or sowing. The depth of rotation or rotation is generally 6-8 cm. After rotating or cultivating, about 75% of the weeds were rotted to death, leaving the large grasses that emerged from the seedling stage and weeding by hand. For cultivating and weeding: In the seedling stage, the cultivator and weed cutter or the cultivator and fertiliser weeder are used for cultivating and weeding. The depth of weeding for shallow root crops is 3 to 4 cm and for deep-rooted crops is 5 to 10 cm. More than 95% of the weeds in the field can be removed, and weeds in the seedling belt can be manually weeded. Suitable for the main weeds after the first emergence of the peak period, the crop seedlings are not easy to be buried when the soil as soon as possible to carry out sunny days. The second mechanical tillage and weed removal process should be completed before the drilling of the drilled crops. Weeding and weeding: Mainly for deep-rooted crops with wider row spacing, deep weeding machines are used for deep weeding. The deep weeding depth is generally 25-30 cm. More than 95% of the weeds in the field can be removed, and weeds in the seedling belt can be manually weeded. Suitable for the fall.
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