There is plenty of rainfall in South China, with an annual rainfall of 1800-2000 mm. This is a basis that many people think does not need to develop facility irrigation in the South. Fertigation is not only a solution to irrigation problems, but also has many advantages. The continuous increase in labor and fertilizer prices has prompted growers to find low-cost production technology for provincial workers. Water and fertilizer integration technology can help farmers achieve water-saving, fertilizer-saving, labor-saving, provincial medicine, high-quality, high-yield, high-efficiency, environmental protection and other needs.
Water and fertilizer integration technology is simply to fertilize while irrigating. The operability of water and fertilizer integration technology is usually achieved through irrigation facilities, so it is also called fertilizer technology or pipe fertilization. The water and fertilizer integration technology ensures that crop roots absorb nutrients while absorbing water. Fertilizing through irrigation systems requires irrigation equipment. The forms of irrigation commonly used in South China include micro-sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation (pressure drip irrigation and self-pressure gravity drip irrigation), water spray, drip irrigation under the membrane, and discharge irrigation of small tubes.
Water and fertilizer integration technology has many outstanding advantages, mainly for water saving, fertilizer saving, labor saving, provincial medicine, high quality, high yield, high efficiency, and environmental protection. (1) The technique is a precise fertilization method, applied only in the roots, and the fertilizer is applied after it is dissolved in water, which significantly increases the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Compared with conventional fertilization, it can save more than 50% of fertilizer; (2) Save a lot of fertilizing labor. Save more than 90% than traditional fertilization methods. Fast fertilization, fertilization of several hundred acres of area can be completed within one day; (3) flexible, convenient and accurate control of fertilization time and quantity; (4) significantly increase yield and improve quality, fruit increase, full fruit type, Cracking less. Usually the output can increase by more than 20%. The yield of sugarcane using drip irrigation and fertilization can be over 10 tons per mu, and the yield of bananas (referring to summer bananas) can be more than 5 tons per mu; (5) The marginal soil can be used to plant fruit trees, forest trees, etc. (such as sand and steep slopes of high mountains). (6) It is beneficial to prevent infiltration of fertilizers into groundwater and pollute water bodies; (7) Application of water and fertilizer integration technology can reduce the occurrence of diseases and reduce the use of fungicides and herbicides. The application of drip irrigation on bananas can effectively prevent the occurrence of yellow leaf disease in bananas; (8) It is conducive to large-scale planting and standardization of cultivation; (9) Due to the coordinated action of water and fertilizer, the amount of water can be significantly reduced. Together with the water saving effect of the facility's own irrigation, the water saving can reach over 50%.
Due to the outstanding advantages of water and fertilizer integration technology, the technology has been widely used in some developed countries (especially the horticulture industry), such as the United States, Australia, Western Europe, Israel and other countries. The National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center is also vigorously promoting this advanced and energy-saving technology.
However, the one-time investment for drip irrigation is high and promotion is difficult: According to the market price of irrigation equipment and fertilizer application equipment in recent years, Daejeon’s water and fertilizer integration technology generally invests 350-950 yuan per mu, and greenhouse investment is higher than Daejeon’s. .
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