The use of computerized hatching machines for pigeon eggs is a modern technique that replaces the natural incubation process by using specialized equipment instead of breeding pigeons. This method allows the parent pigeons to avoid the stress and energy drain of sitting on eggs, which in turn reduces the time between egg-laying cycles, increases overall egg production, and minimizes the risk of broken or cold eggs caused by temperature fluctuations, humidity issues, or disturbances from humans, rats, or other animals. As a result, this approach significantly improves both the fertility rate and hatching success.
To implement this system effectively, it’s essential to follow a structured process. First, eggs should be collected daily either after 8 PM or before 10 AM the next day. Collecting eggs too early or too late can negatively impact their viability. During collection, it's important to remove any cloths from the nests to ensure the breeding pigeons are ready for the next laying cycle. Keeping accurate records of egg production times and marking each egg is also crucial for tracking progress.
Only high-quality eggs should be selected for incubation. Avoid double-yolked, small, misshapen, cracked, or sick eggs. Store the selected eggs in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area at around 10–20°C with about 45% humidity. They should not be stored longer than 3 to 5 days.
Maintaining detailed hatching records is vital. Track the number of eggs placed in the incubator, the number of unfertilized eggs, dead embryos, weak chicks, and successfully hatched chicks. These records help in making timely adjustments to improve fertility and hatching rates.
Incubation typically begins at 10 AM. Place the eggs in the tray with the pointed end down. Maintain the incubator temperature between 37.8°C and 38.3°C, with humidity levels between 40% and 50%. Turn the eggs every two hours. After 15–16 days, transfer the eggs to the hatching tray, where the temperature is slightly lower (around 37.3°C). A fine nylon mesh should be placed in the hatching tray to protect the young pigeons from leg injuries as they hatch.
Hatching is done in batches over 3–5 days. The first batch is checked after 10 days, and the final check occurs at 15–16 days. Regular inspections during this period are necessary to remove any infertile, dead, or broken eggs to prevent contamination. If any abnormalities occur in the incubator or embryo development, they must be addressed promptly.
Eggs that have been hatched for more than 12 days should be briefly removed and placed at 30°C before returning them to the incubator. This step helps boost the hatching success rate.
It’s important to note that the upper layer of the incubator tends to be warmer than the lower layers. Pigeon embryos generate heat in the middle stages of development, so adjusting the placement of eggs accordingly—placing new eggs on the top and older ones on the lower shelves—can optimize hatching outcomes. There’s no need for complex variable temperature settings; simple rotation and layer management work well.
After 17 days, the first chicks begin to hatch. Remove them once they are dry, ideally every 3–4 hours. Clear out empty shells to prevent suffocation and ensure the remaining embryos have enough space. A final shell removal session should be conducted after 8 hours of continuous hatching.
Finally, always clean and disinfect all tools, trays, and gauze after each hatching cycle. Regular maintenance of the incubator is essential to prevent contamination, which could reduce hatching success. Also, ensure proper ventilation throughout the incubation period, starting with low airflow and gradually increasing it as the embryos develop.
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