Sweet potato high-yielding cultivation techniques

First, select the fine varieties and quality seedlings: According to different uses, choose different varieties. The varieties adapted to starch processing include Xushu 18, Yushu No. 7, and Sushu No. 7, etc. The edible types include Beijing 553, Yushu No. 4, Sushu No. 8, Xi Nong 431, and Heritage No. 138.
Second, site preparation fertilization: sweet potato should be ridging cultivation, deep plowing 25-30 cm when the site preparation, ridge to do the same ridge distance, ridge-shaped obesity, narrow ridges, generally ridge width 60-80 cm, ridge height 20-30 cm. Fertilization master basal fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, nitrogen and phosphorus control principle of increasing potassium, the basic fertilizer application Mushi organic fertilizer 3-5 side, potassium sulfate 20-25 kg, 10-20 kg of diammonium phosphate, urea 8-10kg.
Third, the use of seedlings and seedlings treatment: strong seedlings standard is thick stems, short internodes, cut more white pulp; leaf hypertrophy and moderate size, parietal lobe; seedling height 20-25 cm, seedling age 25-30 Days; the organization is full of old tenderness, no pests, no white roots, and quick seedlings after planting. Sterilizing treatment of seedlings: 50% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold solution is used to soak the base of the potato seedlings at 6-10 cm for 10 minutes, and then the seedlings can be planted to prevent black spot.
Fourth, timely planting planting, rational dense planting: Shijiazhuang City, the spring potato is generally planted in late April to mid-May. Summer potato is not later than July 5, the sooner the better. Planting methods can use horizontal planting methods. When planting hoe, the strong and weak seedlings will be planted separately to prevent strong seedlings from bullying the weak seedlings and pouring enough water. The determination of the planting density: Chunshu, long vine varieties, fertilizer land should be sparse, summer potato, short vine varieties, thin land should be close planting. Spring potatoes, long vine varieties 3000-4000 per mu, summer potatoes, short vine varieties 3500-4500 per mu.
V. Field Management:
1. Check the seedlings in time to make up the seedlings and the tillage and weeding: Inspect the seedlings 4-5 days after planting the seedlings and find that the seedlings are killed and the seedlings are promptly planted and supplemented with seedlings to ensure the seedlings. Early cultivating and weeding, early weeding and weeding after planting, promote root development. Cultivated before weeding 2-3 times.
2. Early recovery of Miao Fei: In the period from the seedling to the extension of the cranberry, the topdressing Miao Fei, Mu topdressing urea 3-5kg, to grow strong plants, top dressing can be combined with watering.
3. In order to mention Manjue Mangan: In July and August, the temperature was high and rain was high, sweet potato stems and leaves grew lushly, easy to grow roots, consume nutrients, and could spread vines 1-2 times, and the fiber roots growing on the broken stem segments were damaged. Reduce nutrient consumption. But do not turn vines, because the vines damage the stems and leaves seriously, destroying the best distribution of leaves receiving light energy, resulting in reduced production.
4. Controlled suppression of growth: Spraying growth inhibitors can be applied to plots with prolonged growth of sweet potato stems and leaves. It is usually sprayed for the first time before the onset of the rainy season. It is sprayed once every 10-15 days and sprayed 2-3 times. According to different stem and leaf growth, fertilizer and water conditions, flexibility in the amount and frequency of medications.
5. Applying cracking fertilizers and dressings outside the roots: After the sweet potato enters the root swelling stage, the defertilized plots at the late stage of growth are protected against premature leaf senescence. During the expansion of the potato stalks, cracks are applied when the cracks appear on the ridges, generally per acre. With compound fertilizer 5-10 kilograms of water and 60 kilograms of water poured along the cracks; when dressing is inconvenient, can be used outside the top dressing, spraying with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, spraying 50 kg per acre, sprayed every 7 days, Spray 2-3 times.
6. Drainage, flood control, drought and watering: In case of damage, the root swelling will be affected, the sweet potato dryness rate will be reduced, and the tubers will not be stored. If there is water accumulation in the field for more than two days, the tubers will lose their vitality and become hard-core or rot. Therefore, ditches should be dug around the potato fields so that when the rainwater is large, it will be drained and flooded. Sweet potato generally has less rain during the late growth period and often has drought. When the soil moisture is 55% of the field water capacity, it must be watered in a timely manner. Watering at this time can prevent premature aging of stems and leaves and increase yield.
6. Pest control: Pesticides such as sweetpotato hawk moth and other leafhoppers in the middle and late stages can be used to prevent or treat 1-2 times with pyrethroids. The control of sweetpotato black spot can be done with 50% carbendazim WP in 1500 times solution in the cracking period.
Seven, timely harvest: When 5-10cm ground temperature at about 18 °C, sweet potato root weight gain is very small, when the ground temperature at 15 °C potato block expansion. Therefore, it is necessary to start harvesting at a ground temperature of 18°C. During the harvest of sweet potato in our city, the preserved sweet potatoes were harvested before the early frost (in early October) and harvested in the middle or late October. Before harvesting, the sweet potato was harvested and the sweet potato was generally not left on the ground overnight. Must be light planed, lightly loaded, lightly transported, and gently placed when harvesting.

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