Summer sowing of cucumbers with a plastic film cover offers multiple benefits, including protection from rain damage, acting as mulch, reducing disease risks, preventing soil compaction, and improving both the physical and chemical properties of the soil. This practice supports better plant growth, enhances market readiness, and can increase yield by approximately 40%.
**First, Soil Fertigation**
After harvesting the previous crop, it is important to till the soil deeply and prepare it thoroughly. Apply 5,000 kilograms of high-quality organic manure per mu, along with 30-40 kg of calcium phosphate, 7-10 kg of potassium sulfate, and 30 kg of a three-in-one compound fertilizer. If there is not enough organic manure, concentrate it in the furrows or planting holes. Once the land is levelled, create small ridges that are 60 to 80 cm wide and 15 to 20 cm high.
**Second, Film Covering**
The film should be tightly stretched and evenly laid over the prepared ridges. Ensure the edges are sealed properly to prevent wind from lifting the plastic, which could damage the crops.
**Third, Sowing**
1. **Choose Quality Seeds**: We selected Jinyan No. 2 and Jinza No. 2 varieties, known for their resistance to diseases, heat, and high yield.
2. **Optimal Sowing Time**: Based on the growth cycle of the variety and market demand, adjust the sowing time so that the harvest aligns with peak market demand or the highest prices. It is generally recommended to sow between late June and early July.
3. **Sowing Method**: Use the "membrane drilling" technique, typically planting two rows per ridge with a spacing of 30 to 35 cm. After making a seed furrow about 1 to 2 cm deep, sow 3 to 4 seeds evenly and cover them with 2 cm of moist, fine soil. Immediately after sowing, ensure the soil around the planting hole is tightly sealed to prevent excessive heat from damaging the seedlings. To prevent seedling diseases, soak the seeds in a 25% metalaxyl wettable powder solution for 30 minutes before sowing.
**Fourth, Field Management**
1. **Seedling Thinning**: Once the cotyledons have unfolded, water the seedlings to strengthen them. Weak seedlings should receive partial watering to promote healthy growth. When the plants have 5 to 6 true leaves, thin them to two per hole, aiming for a density of 6,000 to 6,400 plants per mu.
2. **Watering and Fertilization**: Water the field immediately after sowing. During the seedling stage, water 2 to 3 times, ensuring the surface of the furrow does not become flooded through the membrane holes. Before the first fruit sets, water 2 to 3 times, and try to control the moisture to avoid excessive growth. About 20 to 30 days after sowing, apply 10 kg of urea per mu during watering. During the fruiting stage, maintain regular watering every 5 to 6 days, and fertilize with each watering (or every other watering). Avoid watering during midday when temperatures are high, and remove excess water after rainfall.
3. **Vine Training**: The vines grow quickly under the film, so timely support is essential. When the vines reach about 35 cm in length, use the "S" method to tie them, helping to extend the vine's reach and prevent sagging or leaning on the roof. This ensures better air circulation and light exposure, promoting healthier growth.
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