In recent years, along with the needs of foreign trade export and processing, China's anti-season spring sowing carrot area has been increasing. However, due to improper selection of spring planting varieties and uncomfortable cultivation techniques, it often leads to large-area convulsions and a large number of deformed roots. Bring a lot of economic losses.
1. Causes of convulsions and prevention of vernalization of long-day sunshine crops with carrots. According to the different varieties' sensitivity to low temperatures, they can be divided into ejaculate varieties, more resistant varieties and resistant varieties. The easy-to-tethered varieties can undergo flower bud differentiation when they have 4 to 5 true leaves or even 2 to 3 true leaves at the seedling stage, and then flower and bud under long-term sunshine conditions in May and June. According to research by Japanese scholars, the "Kuroda Five-inch" type variety encounters the risk of convulsions when it experiences low temperatures below 10°C for more than 360 hours. The lower the temperature and the longer the duration of low temperature, the higher the convulsive rate. %the above.
It is understood that at present in most parts of China, the spring broadcast variety still selects the Japanese autumn sowing variety “New Black Five-inch†or the Kuroda Five-inch series, such as the “Jiyang Five-inchâ€. These varieties are all easily convulsed varieties, so to avoid losses, the spring sowing needs to select varieties that are insensitive to low temperature and resist seizures.
Second, the causes of deformed roots and the prevention of malformation of carrot roots are common bifurcation, cracking, bending, nodules, green shoulders, long hair roots and color variation. The formation of carrot fleshy root requires good soil conditions, cultivation techniques and climatic conditions. If the cultivation layer is too shallow, the soil is rough and there are stones, or the application of organic fertilizer is not decomposed, easily lead to bifurcation, bending; soil viscosity is not easy to breathe, easy to produce nodules, fibrous roots; uneven water supply during growth, dry Humidification can easily lead to the increase of cracking roots; the plough layer is too shallow, and the root enlargement phase does not pay attention to soil, and the root enlargement phase is prone to high temperatures in July and August, resulting in the accumulation of carotenoids, lycopene, and color variation. White or yellow.
Therefore, in order to obtain high-quality and high-yielding carrots for spring sowing, we should choose sandy loam soil with fertile soil and good irrigation and drainage conditions; at the same time, pay attention to the depth of the tillage layer not less than 25 cm, apply the decomposed organic fertilizer at the base fertilizer, and provide water evenly during the growth period, and In the early stage of fleshy root enlargement, pay attention to earth. The suitable temperature for carrot root expansion is 18-25°C, so the Central China region should be completed from mid-March to early April. Other regions in China need to select a suitable sowing date according to the local temperature.
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