The eel breeding in cages is a new type of aquaculture industry that has emerged in recent years. Due to low investment and quick results, it has been rapidly developed throughout the country and has achieved good economic benefits. In order to make this aquaculture technology better promoted and improved, according to the successful farming experience of the tenant farmers in recent years, it is concluded that a good “eight levels†should be made for the cage culture of the yellow seabream ponds.
1, Xuanchi Qingchiguan
Astragalus is warm, sheltered, dark, and scared. Therefore, it is recommended to choose a pond that is sunny, sheltered from wind, convenient in water supply, free from outside interference, and has an area of ​​3 to 5 mu, a water depth of about 1.5m, and a relatively stable water level. Before stocking, the pond needs to be thoroughly disinfected with quicklime of 100-120kg/mu to kill harmful microorganisms in the water and improve the substrate.
2, cage insert off
The area of ​​the cage is 15 to 20 square meters. The cage is made of polythene mesh. The rectangular six-sided box is 1.5m high. It depends on the long and wide-view ponds. The cages are set in the middle of the pond. The four corners are fixed with bamboo, and the four sides are tied with bamboo and bamboo. The bamboo and the four corner bamboo knots make the festival so that the water can rise and the water can drop. The depth of the cage is about 1.0m deep, and the upper edge of the cage is 0.5m away from the water to prevent the yellow locust from fleeing and to do daily buoys. The total area of ​​the cage should not exceed 50% of the pond area. In one week before stocking, the cages were put into the water first to allow the cages to attach some algae to avoid damage caused by the rubbing of the carcass and the mesh. At the same time, the aquatic plants such as peanuts and water hyacinths were stocked in the boxes. Provide a good environment for the stocking of seedlings. The water grass cover area is 80% to 95%. If the water grass grows slowly, it can be properly applied to improve the growth. Feishuibao is good for cultivating good water quality that is fat, live, tender, and cool, which is conducive to raising the survival rate of the seedlings and eating early.
3, seedling stocking clearance
At present, the seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus are from captured wild seedlings, which are superior to cage trapping. Wherever electric catching, fishing and catching, and anal pinkish coloration, enteritis disease should be removed. The body color of the seedlings is generally the best in yellow, ie, the seedlings with dark yellow and dark brown spots on the dorsal side, followed by the blue ones, and the gray ones are not suitable for the ones. Stocking time: In the first half of the year, from April to July, the temperature was 20 to 25°C, and that from June to July was the best time for stocking. The temperature of more than 30 °C stocking, affecting the survival rate of axillary species. It is advisable to use 20 to 40 tails/kg for each species. In the second half of the year, the seedlings to be reared in the year should be stocked and used as seedlings for the coming winter after winter. When stocking must be large or small, the same cage requires uniform size, each cage is stocked at one time, and the stocking density is 1 to 2 kg/m2. Before stocking, the seedlings were soaked in 20g/m3 water of Shencaodan 20ml/cubic meter for 20 minutes to perform surface mucus repair and sterilization to improve the seedling's physique and anti-stress ability, and improve seedlings. After entering the box, the survival rate and early to eat.
4, feeding and feeding
The first species to be placed in cages must be tamed. Method: Do not feed bait before 3 days before stocking, and start feeding at night after the operation is normal. Feeding the bait is to choose the most suitable food, such as alfalfa, small trash fish, and river clam, etc., and adopt a small number of methods. After that, gradually increase the feeding time every day until normal feeding. At this stage, foods such as Pioneer, Liweisan, and Jinweisu can be mixed in the bait to increase the uniformity of the seedlings. After the squid has formed a good feeding habit, you can start slowly adding artificial granules to the quail larvae to feed them. The method of gradually reducing the number of fish to feed into the larvae gradually increases the proportion of the entrants. The final ratio is controlled by 1kg fresh bait with feed 1 ~ 2kg, feeding 2 times a day, to 6 ~ 7 hours, 17 ~ 18 hours is appropriate. The total amount of feeds per day is calculated from 2% to 3% of the body weight at the beginning, and gradually increased to 6% thereafter. Feeding method to gradually feed effect. Fresh fish and other fresh baits purchased in the market must be washed before feeding. At the same time, 1 mL of Shencao Dan per kilogram of fresh bait should be soaked and sterilized for half an hour to kill pathogens that have been brought outside.
5, daily management
The cage body culture of Astragalus has a certain degree of fatness, and the transparency must be controlled within 15 to 20cm. Over-clearness of the water affects the growth of Astragalus membranaceus. In order to improve the water quality and improve the utilization rate of ponds, the pupa, oysters, clams and grass carp should be raised outside the box in a timely manner. Observe the ground regularly to check the bottom of the tank periodically and find that the dead fish is removed in time. In the event of a cage rupture and the onset of jaundice, repair and treatment should be carried out immediately. During high temperatures in summer, squid eat well, excrete a large amount, and water quality is easily corrupted. This stage should be mainly controlled by water quality and summer cooling. Eliminating residual baits in time every day, cleaning the nets when necessary, changing the bottom layer when changing the water. For some areas with poor water quality and aging of the bottom of the pool and where there is no water exchange, Haibinbao should be used to purify the water. The plants in the tank must also remove the aging part, promote the growth of new grass, and enhance the water purification function of aquatic plants. The water temperature in the autumn begins to slowly decrease, and the aquatic plants begin to age. Therefore, the aging plants should be promptly removed, and 1/7 of the water surface should be set aside to improve the water quality. In winter, the temperature of water drops, water grass deteriorates and decays, the density of breeding increases, and the quality of water deteriorates. As a result, the immunity of yellow cockroaches greatly declines; therefore, before the winter, add appropriate amounts of drugs such as aureus, Baogan Granules, Baidu Granules and Buxue Granules to improve the fish body. The disease resistance is particularly important. At the same time during the winter, the use of strong poison net, Shencadan, antivirus and other disinfectants to disinfect the body of water. Haizhongbao's work of purifying water quality is also not to be neglected, so as to ensure the safe wintering of yellow peony.
6, science prevention disease
In the process of astragalus cultivation, we must adhere to the 12-character principle of “no disease early prevention, disease first treatment, and prevention against treatment†and regularly increase the use of health-care drugs such as Baogan granules, Buxue granules, Liweisan, and jinweisu. Fish immunity. To use regular disinfectants such as glutaraldehyde and antivirus vanguards to disinfect water bodies; to take drugs such as oral sepsis granules, kinsuishu granules, fish worm clear, bactericide granules, and Baogan granules for disease prevention and treatment. There are many causes of the occurrence of salmon, summarized in the following areas.
6.1 Dianchi Lake
The newly built Dianchi Lake was not immersed in fresh water for a period of time. The water quality was not stabilized. The water was immediately raised and bred, making the carp unable to adapt quickly and becoming ill; or the old carp pool was unclear for a long time, excessive humus, water quality was corrupted, and pathogens were given. Mass reproduction creates conditions.
6.2 Water Temperature Mutation
Astragalus is suitable for growth in water at 15-30°C. Due to the small area of ​​Dianchi Lake, large changes in water temperature during the day and night, and the high temperature season in summer, the water temperature is sometimes as high as 40°C or more. It is often the case that the jaundice is “hot to dieâ€. In addition, because Dianchi Lake often needs to add new water, changing the water volume will lead to sudden changes in the water temperature, which will affect the growth of carp. For example, when the water temperature plummets by about 4°C, it is very easy to trigger a “cold†carp. Mutations in the weather can also cause illness.
6.3 Excessive harmful substances
During the high temperature season, the amount of bait is large and the amount of jaundice is excreted. There is a large amount of organic matter deposited on the bottom of the pool. The decomposition of organic matter consumes a large amount of oxygen in the water, resulting in oxygen deprivation. The organic matter is forced to decompose anaerobicly, generating large amounts of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methane. Other harmful gases; At the same time, anaerobes proliferate in large numbers and become infected with salmon, causing diseases.
6.4 Feeding Technology
If you eat fresh bait, you may get jaundice if you throw in a dirty or decayed bait. If the amount of bait is not enough, or if the food is not thoroughly eaten, jaundice will show signs of fratricide.
6.5 Improper use of drugs
Astragalus is a fish without scales, and the resistance to drugs is very different from that of ichthyotic fish. If the disinfectant and the soaking drug are too irritating, it will damage the mucus of the surface of the jaundice, resulting in a decline in constitution and immunity, and can easily cause pathogenic bacteria to invade the body. Internal medicines should be based on health-care medicines and Chinese herbal medicines, and they should be prevented from the viewpoint of strengthening the physique of jaundice and increasing immunity.
7, disease diagnosis
The main features of the onset of jaundice are: abnormal activity, localized epidermis bleeding, bluish complexion, darkening, loss of appetite, or food refusal. Visual inspection is one of the main methods for checking the disease of catfish. It also requires on-site observation and inquiry.
7.1 On-site observation
Jaundice tends to be thin and physically weak, with dark body color, slow activity, and separate swims from acupoints; some yellow eels appear to be disturbed in the pool, jumping up and down, swiftly swimming or intertwining. This may be madness or intestinal parasites caused by harmful substances.
7.2 Body surface inspection
Remove the sickness and dead cockroach in time and observe carefully from the head, mouth, eyes, body surface, and appendix. Easy to see some large pathogens, such as water mold; small pathogens, invisible to the naked eye, can be identified according to the performance of the disease. Such as the corpus callosum, black, oral congestion, anal swelling and prominent, mostly enteritis; phlegm on the surface of the table, local congestion and inflammation, the emergence of soybean or beans size erythema, severe epidermis was funnel-shaped nest, rot, then red skin Disease; from the outside rotten into, to print the disease; part or all of the body surface is covered with a layer of mud, drag mud; have old cotton wool white material, often for water mildew.
7.3 Visceral examination
Dissect the corpus callosum, obtain the intestinal tract, cut it from the foregut to the hindgut, observe whether there are parasites, whether the contents of the intestinal contents are normal, and then flush the contents and stools with water. If all or part of the intestinal tract is congested, it is purple. Red is enteritis. Congestive liver and kidney, color black, white or patchy, hepatomegaly.
In the daily culture process, the outbreak of salmon is often a comprehensive disease. Therefore, in the confirmation of the disease must be carefully observed, scientific diagnosis, to identify the main symptoms, and then the right medicine.
8, disease prevention
8.1 Crazy
Etiology: The stocking density is too high, the carcass surface secretes mucus, so that the water microorganisms accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, consume water dissolved oxygen, so that the carp is anxious due to lack of oxygen, intertwined, the seedlings are subjected to intense stress reactions, resulting in weakened constitution, Physiological dysfunction occurs.
Popular time: mostly occurs in late spring, early summer and other weather instability.
Symptoms: The sick man does not eat food. When sick, the sick man quickly swims or wraps around the water in the arrow-shaped cage. The mouth spreads open, and the whole body muscles shake and tremble. When the water clears, it can be seen that the sickness is struggling with “S†or “O†rotation, the body is stiff, the body surface mucus is reduced, and there is no obvious injury.
Treatment: Each cubic meter of water with a thick 0.5ml of glutaraldehyde + virulent net 0.5mL + 1mg of akeline spill, once a day, once every 2 to 3 times. At the same time oral administration of drugs, per kilogram of feed added guanosine 5g + sepsis granules 5g + Baogan granules 5g, 2 times a day for 5 to 7 days.
Prevention: After the seedlings are planted in the lower box, each cubic meter of water is splashed with 0.5 mL of glutaraldehyde 1 g in the tank, once a day for 1 to 2 days. Precautions: When using the medicine, first use water to wet the water in the box, then spill the diluted liquid, and then rinse with water.
2.2 Erythema hemorrhage
Etiology: Unstable weather, high culture density, severe deterioration of water quality, decreased immunity of fish, and bacterial infection caused by large numbers of bacteria.
Popular time: Occurs during the season when the weather is unstable, or during the mid-September to the winter before the winter.
Symptoms: The body surface is full of blood spots of different shapes, and some of the body will have diffuse bleeding, especially in the abdomen. In severe cases, the body was covered with hemolytic red blood spots, mouth bleeding, anal swelling, hepatomegaly, gallbladder enlargement, and abdominal congestion.
Treatment: per cubic meter of water with 0.5 mL thick glutaraldehyde + virulent net 0.5 mL box spill disinfection, once a day, once every 2 to 3 times. At the same time oral administration of the drug, per kilogram of feed added guanosine 3g + bacteria poisoning particles 4g + super red poison 2g, 2 times a day for 5 to 7 days.
Prevention: often external use antivirus king, Shencao Dan, thick glutaraldehyde, etc. for disinfection, timely oral bactericide poison particles, auspicious, sepsis granules.
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