Wheat scab is a fungal disease that mainly affects wheat ears. The pathogenic bacteria infecting wheat during the flowering period caused some spikelets to die, some in the middle and some in the upper part, which is related to the flowering habit of wheat. In case of wet weather, it can spread to all spikelets, turning it yellow-brown or blue-green, and give birth to a pink mold layer at the base of the spikelets or at the seams of glumes, so it is also commonly known as red wheat head. Germs invade stems, especially 1-3 knots and leaf sheaths under the ear, causing culm rot, making the upper stems dry and forming white spikes. Fusarium graminearum not only directly harms the firm organs, reduces the yield, but also produces toxins and endangers the safety of humans and animals.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Germs can be rotted and wintered on diseased wheat ears, rice piles, and corn stalks. In the following year, a type of transmission called ascospores is formed and spreads along with the airflow. In recent years, an increase in scab in the north may be related to the wheat-maize rotation system. To predict the degree of disease occurrence in the current year, the most important basis is the amount of rainfall and number of rainfalls during the flowering period to the grain filling period. Therefore, it is also said that it is a typical weather-type disease.
Prevention and control of wheat scab must first pay attention to deep plowing, eliminate wheat, corn stalks and rice bran, reduce bacterium original. The second is the selection of resistant cultivars that are resistant to cultivars. They are cultivated for heading, short anthers, and fast grouting. In addition, topdressing can not be too late to ensure that the development of wheat is neat, not greedy green, will reduce the chance of pathogen infection.
Spraying pharmaceuticals is a necessary measure to control scab. It is best to start at the beginning of wheat flowering (Yanhua 10% to 20%). According to the local climate change and the order of wheat flowering, it may be controlled once every 7 days.
Control agents used carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl in the past, and resistant strains have appeared in many areas in recent years. Professor Zhou Mingguo of Nanjing Agricultural University pointed out that the use of carbendazim will also increase the toxin content in wheat grains, and it is recommended to stop the use of carbendazim in the control of wheat scab. You can choose 25% tebuconazole (also known as Rickettsia) EC 2500 times, 50% Prochloraz Manganese, 50% Prochloraz manganese complex (also known as Shi Bao Gong) 1000 ~ 2000 times, 25% cyanene Fungicide suspensions are 100-200 g per mu or use their compound, such as 63.5% prochloraz carbendazim WP WP 22-24 g per mu.
In the south, it is rainy and sunny days. In case of rainy weather, the concentration may be increased appropriately. Try to use ultrafine powder or suspension in order to obtain good control effect.
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