Cultivation of Broccoli Seedlings
Cauliflower prefers a warm and humid environment. It is not only resistant to low temperatures, but also grows in the shade and rainy summer. It can be cultivated in the open season in spring, summer and autumn. Must choose the appropriate variety: spring broccoli choose early maturing varieties, can be nursed in March-April, May planting; summer broccoli can be nursed in June-July, 7-8 months of planting (must have sun and rain measures); autumn cauliflower More commonly used late-maturing late-maturing varieties can be nursed in July and settled in early August; in winter, the cauliflower planted in the sowing date is about half a month later than the autumn broccoli sowing date.
First, choose a variety
The varieties cultivated in spring mainly include Swiss snowballs, French cauliflower, Dutch spring early, Ye Erfu, etc.; the summer cultivated varieties mainly include Baifeng, Xia Xue 40, Xia Xue 50, etc.; in autumn and winter, the varieties planted mainly include Dutch snowballs. Japan Snow Mountain and so on. Cauliflower production is generally carried out by transplanting seedlings with a sowing rate of 20-25 grams per acre. The sowing date of summer and autumn broccoli is high temperature and rainy season. The amount of sowing must be increased, generally about 50 grams, and measures should be taken to reduce the temperature and prevent rain. At the same time, live seedlings are mostly adopted in summer, and the seedling age is generally 20-25 days.
Second, the preparation of bed soil
Select fertile sandy loam soil with near-bird water source, high ground and high dryness, ventilation, and good soil permeability, and before making cabbage plants such as Cabbage and other cabbages. Use 6 parts of fertile sumtian soil, 3 parts of decomposed horse manure that has been sifted, 1 part of decomposed manure or pig manure, and mix evenly and spread it in seedbed (5 cm thick).
Three, bed soil disinfection
Dispensing can be done with the formulated medicinal soil. The preparation method of the medicinal soil is as follows: 5 grams of quintozene and 5 parts of zeocin are added per bed of bed soil, and then 15 kilograms of fine soil are added, and the mixture is evenly mixed to become a mixture of five generations. Before sowing, firstly spread 2/3 of the medicine soil, and then sprinkle 1/3 of the pesticide soil after sowing.
Four, soaking germination
The broccoli seeds were placed in 30°C-40°C water and stirred for 15 minutes to soak the seeds for 15 minutes. At the same time, the pod seeds were removed, then soaked in water at room temperature for about 5 hours, then rinsed clean with clean water and placed under moisturizing and germination conditions at 25°C. Then, it is eluted with warm water of 25°C every 6 hours, and the seeds are turned up and down to make the temperature and humidity uniform. Generally, the buds can be budded after 2-3 days.
Fifth, fine sowing
The sowing method and procedure are as follows: firstly pour the foot water, then spread 10 kilograms of medicinal soil per square meter of bed soil, and then sow the seeds, and the sowing amount is generally about 10 grams per square meter. After sowing, cover an additional 5 kilograms of medicinal soil per square foot, then cover 0.5 cm thick fine soil, and finally cover the mulch to moisturize.
Six, seedling management
When sowing seedlings are planted in summer and autumn, due to the hot weather, a small arch shed about 1 meter high shall be erected on the nursery hoe, and the shade on the top shall be shaded. Seeding after 2-3 days sowing, before the emergence of the sunshade in the evening to remove the sunshade, the next morning watering until the soil is fully wet, watering the bed always keep the bed moist. After the first true leaf is grown, it is watered 2 times a day, with less watering or no watering in rainy days. 1-3 true leaves grow seedlings and weeding, leaving only 1 seedling in each nutrient bowl. During the growth period, the top dressing was arbitrarily applied. After the weeding and weeding, the topdressing water was topdressed with 0.2%-0.3% urea solution or 10% diluted human urine. To plant seedlings in about 20 days of seedling age, 3-4 true leaves, choose cloudy or sunny evening, according to the size of seedlings for grade spurification, spacing 8-10 cm square, side shift seedlings, while pouring root water , Shade the sun, slowly pour the seedlings and pour thin water for 1 time. After about 15-20 days, plant 6-7 true leaves. In the field management at the seedling stage, roots must not be harmed to prevent viral diseases. When it rains, it is necessary to drain water in time to prevent flooding. After the hot rain, the garden must be planted to reduce the soil temperature so as to facilitate cultivation of strong seedlings.
Seven, strong seedling standards
The average seedling age is about 50 days for spring seedlings and about 25 days for summer seedlings. The plant height of the strong seedlings is about 15 cm, with 5-6 true leaves, slightly dark waxy leaves, large and thick leaves, short internodes, short petiole, well-developed root system, multiple fibrous roots, and no pests and diseases in the whole plant. mechanical injury.
VIII. Precautions
1. In the nursery period, pay attention to temperature and humidity adjustment. Under drought and low temperature conditions, young and old seedlings are easily formed. The younger seedlings have small cotyledons and are often deformed. If the temperature is low, the seedlings will grow easily, the seedlings will be thin, the embryonic axis will be long, and the cotyledons will be slender. Such seedlings are susceptible to disease.
2. Pay attention to nutrition supply and strengthen field management during the seedling period. If the nitrogen fertilizer is not available at the seedling stage, or if the roots are damaged when transplanting seedlings, the yield will be affected, and the flower bulbs will be small and the quality will be poor.
First, choose a variety
The varieties cultivated in spring mainly include Swiss snowballs, French cauliflower, Dutch spring early, Ye Erfu, etc.; the summer cultivated varieties mainly include Baifeng, Xia Xue 40, Xia Xue 50, etc.; in autumn and winter, the varieties planted mainly include Dutch snowballs. Japan Snow Mountain and so on. Cauliflower production is generally carried out by transplanting seedlings with a sowing rate of 20-25 grams per acre. The sowing date of summer and autumn broccoli is high temperature and rainy season. The amount of sowing must be increased, generally about 50 grams, and measures should be taken to reduce the temperature and prevent rain. At the same time, live seedlings are mostly adopted in summer, and the seedling age is generally 20-25 days.
Second, the preparation of bed soil
Select fertile sandy loam soil with near-bird water source, high ground and high dryness, ventilation, and good soil permeability, and before making cabbage plants such as Cabbage and other cabbages. Use 6 parts of fertile sumtian soil, 3 parts of decomposed horse manure that has been sifted, 1 part of decomposed manure or pig manure, and mix evenly and spread it in seedbed (5 cm thick).
Three, bed soil disinfection
Dispensing can be done with the formulated medicinal soil. The preparation method of the medicinal soil is as follows: 5 grams of quintozene and 5 parts of zeocin are added per bed of bed soil, and then 15 kilograms of fine soil are added, and the mixture is evenly mixed to become a mixture of five generations. Before sowing, firstly spread 2/3 of the medicine soil, and then sprinkle 1/3 of the pesticide soil after sowing.
Four, soaking germination
The broccoli seeds were placed in 30°C-40°C water and stirred for 15 minutes to soak the seeds for 15 minutes. At the same time, the pod seeds were removed, then soaked in water at room temperature for about 5 hours, then rinsed clean with clean water and placed under moisturizing and germination conditions at 25°C. Then, it is eluted with warm water of 25°C every 6 hours, and the seeds are turned up and down to make the temperature and humidity uniform. Generally, the buds can be budded after 2-3 days.
Fifth, fine sowing
The sowing method and procedure are as follows: firstly pour the foot water, then spread 10 kilograms of medicinal soil per square meter of bed soil, and then sow the seeds, and the sowing amount is generally about 10 grams per square meter. After sowing, cover an additional 5 kilograms of medicinal soil per square foot, then cover 0.5 cm thick fine soil, and finally cover the mulch to moisturize.
Six, seedling management
When sowing seedlings are planted in summer and autumn, due to the hot weather, a small arch shed about 1 meter high shall be erected on the nursery hoe, and the shade on the top shall be shaded. Seeding after 2-3 days sowing, before the emergence of the sunshade in the evening to remove the sunshade, the next morning watering until the soil is fully wet, watering the bed always keep the bed moist. After the first true leaf is grown, it is watered 2 times a day, with less watering or no watering in rainy days. 1-3 true leaves grow seedlings and weeding, leaving only 1 seedling in each nutrient bowl. During the growth period, the top dressing was arbitrarily applied. After the weeding and weeding, the topdressing water was topdressed with 0.2%-0.3% urea solution or 10% diluted human urine. To plant seedlings in about 20 days of seedling age, 3-4 true leaves, choose cloudy or sunny evening, according to the size of seedlings for grade spurification, spacing 8-10 cm square, side shift seedlings, while pouring root water , Shade the sun, slowly pour the seedlings and pour thin water for 1 time. After about 15-20 days, plant 6-7 true leaves. In the field management at the seedling stage, roots must not be harmed to prevent viral diseases. When it rains, it is necessary to drain water in time to prevent flooding. After the hot rain, the garden must be planted to reduce the soil temperature so as to facilitate cultivation of strong seedlings.
Seven, strong seedling standards
The average seedling age is about 50 days for spring seedlings and about 25 days for summer seedlings. The plant height of the strong seedlings is about 15 cm, with 5-6 true leaves, slightly dark waxy leaves, large and thick leaves, short internodes, short petiole, well-developed root system, multiple fibrous roots, and no pests and diseases in the whole plant. mechanical injury.
VIII. Precautions
1. In the nursery period, pay attention to temperature and humidity adjustment. Under drought and low temperature conditions, young and old seedlings are easily formed. The younger seedlings have small cotyledons and are often deformed. If the temperature is low, the seedlings will grow easily, the seedlings will be thin, the embryonic axis will be long, and the cotyledons will be slender. Such seedlings are susceptible to disease.
2. Pay attention to nutrition supply and strengthen field management during the seedling period. If the nitrogen fertilizer is not available at the seedling stage, or if the roots are damaged when transplanting seedlings, the yield will be affected, and the flower bulbs will be small and the quality will be poor.
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