In recent years, as the level of mechanization continues to increase, the area of ​​transplanting rice for early rice has expanded year by year. Due to the long seedling growth time of transplanted rice, the weight of transplanted roots is increased by mechanical transplanting, and the emergence of new roots is relatively slower than that of handily inserted early rice. Therefore, fertilization is necessary. There are some differences.
Fertilizer operations. Compared with conventional hand-transplanted early rice, machine-planting rice seedlings are small and the field has a long period of tillering, with low nitrogen uptake and large amount of nitrogen uptake in the middle period. In the cultivation, the former nitrogen should be shifted, and the amount of nitrogen applied in the base fertilizer should be appropriately reduced. Generally account for 30% of the total nitrogen application. Machine-planting high-yielding cultivation of rice requires 18-20 kg of pure nitrogen per acre, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1:0.5:0.6, and the nitrogen ratio of basic fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer is generally 3:3.5:3.5. . Phosphorus all base applications; potash base application, jointing fertilizer consumption in half. The splitting of the manure in two applications is beneficial to promoting early delivery and stable delivery. 6 to 7 days after the machine is applied, the amount of fertilizer accounts for 40% of the total fertilizer, which can be combined with chemical weeding to apply 5 kg of urea per acre, and 15 days after planting, the remaining tillage fertilizer is applied.
The machine-inserted rice has a low birth rate node and a long tillering period to control the number of panicles in a suitable range. The focus on application is to improve the time of application of tiller fertilizer to regulate the use of the most suitable tiller and mid-control period. Population, and increase the application of panicle fertilizer, promote differentiation of spikelets and fight for big spikes.
The machine inserts the roots of rice, and the new roots after inserting into the field occur slowly. If the base fertilizer is too much to use, if the early-season rice growing season is low temperature and rainy weather, it will easily cause fertilizer damage; it will also cause irrigation and drainage after transplanting. Frequently, it causes serious loss of fertilizer and reduces the use of fertilizer. Therefore, a reasonable method of application is generally when the second heart is placed 7 days after the machine is inserted, the first time it is applied, the first time it is returned to the green, and a combination of herbicides is used for chemical weeding. After 12 to 14 days after machine insertion, it will be applied once again. After about 18 days of planting, depending on the seedling condition, it can be applied once again. Generally, it is appropriate to retreat after a period of effective leaf age. Do not use too much, too late to apply tiller fertilizer, otherwise it will lead to groups too large, affect the formation of spike rate and large spikes.
Panicle fertilizer can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the condition of the seedlings. Rational application is beneficial to consolidate the number of panicles and strive for large spikes, but it is necessary to prevent the excessive growth of leaf area in order to form a reasonable canopy structure, which will help increase the seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight. Machine inserted early rice application of panicle fertilizer, usually divided into two to promote the application of fertilizer and flower fertilizer. Machine inserted into the rice to promote flower fertilizer, its role is to promote the differentiation of ear branches and spikelets. Increase the number of spikelets per panicle. Generally at the beginning of ear differentiation, that is, when the rest of the leaf age is about 13.5, it can be combined with the specific seedling condition, that is, the leaf is normally faded, and can be applied with urea 7.5~10 kg per acre; if the leaf color is dark, it will not fade. Light, can delay and reduce the amount of application; if the leaf color is lighter, 3 to 5 days in advance can be used to promote flowering fertilizer, and appropriate increase in the amount; if the leaf color has been deeper may not be applied. The flowering fertilizer is generally applied 18 to 20 days before the emergence, and the specific period can be determined by field observation, that is, Lintian stripping checks the leaf age of more than 10 single stems. When 50% of the effective leaf stalk leaf age does not exceed 1.2 leaves, for the appropriate period of top dressing fertilizer, the general amount of urea is about 7.5 kg per mus, for shallow leaf color, small population growth can be more, but The urea per mu should not exceed 10 kg; if the leaf color is dark or dark green, it should be applied less or not.
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