Improve the comprehensive technology of lean meat breeder breeding rate

Giving full play to the maximum potential of lean-type breeding pigs and further improving the production performance of lean-type breeding pigs is a major factor in the economic benefits of raising pigs. To this end, the author summed up his own practical experience in production, comprehensively improved the environment, technology, management and other aspects, and put forward new measures to improve the lean-breeding pig breeding technology.

1. Establish a new mode of delivery and production and create an ideal production environment for breeding pigs

According to the number of sows produced in the whole field and the principle of balanced production, the number of weekly sow production is calculated, and the size of the delivery room and the nursery house are determined so as to achieve small-scale all-in and full-out, each with 10 to 16 beds. The excrement ditch is changed from the Sheopou Ming Ditch to the “pipeline” ditch in the house, avoiding the excrement ditch becoming the “impure” of the winter thieves, preventing the thieves from invading the pig body; using the “steep slope” concept to build the delivery room and the nursery house, that is, adding Large production bed, Aberdeen bed ground slope, 2 meters fall 30 to 40 cm is appropriate, and the ground as smooth as possible. In order to keep no urine and water under the bed, reduce the humidity in the house: Leave a gap of 20 cm between the birth bed and the upper pig aisle. In order to remove the manure manually. Minimize the number of flushes; ensure that the bed is more than 40 cm above the ground. It can effectively prevent the rise of moisture on the ground and directly harm piglets. The new concept designed delivery room not only achieves all-in and full-out, avoids the chance of cross-infection, but also effectively reduces piglet diarrhoea caused by high humidity in the house and reduces the incidence of diarrhea in piglets. The average weaning survival rate of piglets is above 92%. Fifteen percentage points higher than the control group, each sow can provide more than 4 commercial pigs (for comparison, see Table 1).

2. Realizing organic combination of small group rearing and single column positioning

Single-column positioning is the most popular feeding method for pregnant sows in the domestic pig industry in recent years. Compared with the original small-group mixed feeding, it has the advantages of saving feeding area, single-pig constant material, and easy control of waterlogging. However, we discovered in the study that it has the disadvantage of being "fatal", especially for the lean-type hog which requires high management and feeding conditions. That is, the incidence of limb and foot disease is high and the difficult-to-yield rate is high, resulting in a high elimination rate of sows. Therefore, we complement each other and establish a comprehensive model of “single-definition and group-feeding”. That is, “one-column positioning” is carried out two months before the start of pregnancy, and is still fed to the prenatal period with “small-group mixed feeding” two months later. Each week, 2 to 4 heads. Through “double binding”, the difficult birth rate decreased from 5% to 1%, a decrease of four percentage points: the limb and hoof morbidity rate decreased from 4.8% to 1.4%, and the i point was reduced by four percentage points: 7.5% decreased to 1.5%, a drop of six percentage points, and the effect was extremely significant (see Table 2 for the effect of feeding mode).

3. Successful early weaning

The success of early weaning is directly related to the effective utilization of sows and is an important part of improving the reproductive rate of lean-type breeders. The specific operation is as follows:

3.1 Postpartum must ensure that every piglet eats colostrum within 2 hours.

3.2 Fix the nipple according to the size of the piglet and the order of production, so that after the weak front, ensure that the nest develops evenly.

3.3 Guaranteed adjustments within 7 days. The pig's milk is mixed into a thin paste and wiped on its mouth to strengthen its sense of smell and sensation. Under normal circumstances, it can be read in 3 to 5 days, and it can be eaten in 7 days.

3.4 Use high-grade sucker feed to ensure adequate nutrition and reduce stress.

3.5 do a good job of health. That is, in the 3,7,21 days for three-pin health care, timely iron, selenium, water, and regular disinfection, do a good job of prevention. Reduce disease.

3.6 control the temperature, absolutely avoid the temperature fluctuations. Keep piglets in a relatively comfortable environment. Days 1 to 3 32°C, Day 4 30°C, Day 5 to 7 28°C, Weeks 2 to 4 25°C. 5 to 6 weeks at 20°C.

3.7 feeding the original circle reduces stress. After the weaning, the sows are driven off and the piglet can be circled after one week.

3.8 Sow postpartum clean officer. First of all, two oxytocins were injected to induce lochia to be expelled as soon as possible, and then uterine infusion of green streptomycin saline was performed to further remove uterine lochia and prevent secondary infection. Reduce the incidence of metritis.

The above eight comprehensive measures can ensure that weaning of piglets is advanced from 35 days to 21 days, and the sow return rate can be reduced from 20% to 2%, and the number of weaned piglets per sow is increased from 14 to 14% per year. 18 heads, raising sow productivity by 28.6% (see Table 3 for comparison of different weaning patterns).

4. Do a good job of comprehensive prevention and control of epidemics

Establish the idea of ​​"preventing stress and preventing combination". The first is to establish strict epidemic prevention procedures. In order to be targeted, epidemic disease testing should be conducted on the basis of the Animal Disease Control Center. Then according to each field, practical and feasible epidemic prevention procedures are established and strictly followed procedures. No deviations are allowed; the second is to adjust according to different ages, seasons, physiques, and production directions in a timely manner so as to be suitable for pigs; third is to purchase biological products approved by the State to ensure the concentration of plaques; and fourthly, to prevent the regular administration of drugs. To prevent secondary infection; Fifth, do a good job of disinfection, cut off the transmission route: Sixth, to keep abreast of the epidemic situation in the country and surrounding areas. Be aware of what you are doing and take preventive measures. Seventh, harmless treatment of dead bodies, excreta, etc. reduces cross-infection. Resolutely eliminate the occurrence of epidemic diseases, especially diseases that cause sow reproductive failure, such as parvovirus, pseudorabies, blue ear disease, Eperythrozoonosis, etc., so as to ensure that the lean type breeder pigs have high reproductive rate, low incidence and mortality rate.

5. Mining management potential. Humanity maximizes potential

There is a jargon in the pig industry: "three-point technology, seven-point management." Management is the key to success or failure. Therefore, the following four principles should be adhered to in daily management:

5.1 Implementation of the "four modernizations" management model is "factory, standardization, scientific, and humane." While paying attention to scientific development, we should pay more attention to humanity in order to fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of the staff in each position and reward them according to labor. Sihuan can increase the average annual labor compensation rate of the staff by more than 10%, while the overall efficiency of the farm can increase by more than 25%.

5.2 Strictly follow the scientific procedures to achieve "Excellent Excellent Treatment." That is to say, good breeds can only exert their maximum potential and give people the greatest return, according to scientific feeding procedures and scientific feeding methods. In production, we must not only resolutely put an end to the use of inferior raw materials, counterfeit drugs, and vaccine procurement, but also implement “nutrition catering” in accordance with different weights, ages, production directions, and uses of pigs to “quality and quantity”. Both meet their physiological needs and exert their maximum production potential. Resolutely put an end to the incidents that affect the performance of breeding pigs due to the use of poor quality, deteriorating feeds, and must not delay the prevention of epidemic and treatment events due to the use of “counterfeit and banned” drugs, and ensure the healthy and orderly healthy development of the farm. In addition, attention is paid to the control of farming environment. First, separate the cleansing path and the sewage path, and at the same time deal with the excrement in time, so that the excrement does not stay overnight in the field on the day to prevent repeated pollution and cross-infection.

5.3 do a good job summer summer cooling, especially for boars must ensure that their sexual desire is strong, high sperm vitality, high density.

5.4 Deal with the relationship between winter insulation and ventilation, not only to ensure that there is a suitable temperature, but also to ensure that the ammonia concentration can not be too large due to excessive shielding, induced respiratory diseases and other bacterial diseases. Therefore, in the top of the pig house to install ventilation tube, ventilation caps, ventilation tube requirements 3 meters and the opening direction to avoid the main local winter wind direction. It is necessary to smoothly discharge ammonia without allowing cold air to take advantage of it.

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