The scientific and technical personnel of Peanut Research and Development Center in Pingdu City must not implement the high-yielding cultivation technology system for wheat and peanut according to their respective high-yielding cultivation technology systems to achieve double-high yield; it is inconvenient for mechanization and popularization; wheat straw and wheat stubs are all directly returned to fields. Many shortcomings, after long-term exploration and research and repeated practice, summed up wheat and peanut two-year dual-protection farming technology system. Based on the stable production of 500 kg of wheat per mu and 400 kg of summer peanuts per mu, in 2006 there were 6.4 mu of wheat yielded to 591.3 kg, and the summer live peanuts reached 432 kg per mu, achieving the major production of wheat and peanut sowing. Mechanized operations, standardized planting, and programmatic management. Wheat straw and wheat straw are all returned to the field. The key technologies are the following:
First, use varieties. The use of extremely early or early maturing varieties with large yield potential is an inherent factor in achieving high peanut yield. High-yielding fields are selected from the common type of new large peanut variety “Yuyu No. 2â€. As long as the variety meets the growing period of ≥15°C for more than 95 days, the yield per mu of 400 kg or more is very good.
Second, land preparation. After the wheat is harvested, the wheat stalk spit from the combine harvester is evenly distributed, the shredder smashes the grass, and the rotary cultivator spins the ground. Garlic, onion, potatoes, etc. can be ploughed after harvesting, or they can be sowed directly without rotation.
Third, fertilization. In order to satisfy the requirement of high-yield peanuts and accelerate the decay of wheat straw, 30-40 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 40-50 kg of superphosphate and 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre in combination with rotary arable land, and mixed in soil through rotary arable land. Combine sowing with 10-15 kg compound fertilizer.
Fourth, sowing. In order to ensure that the summer live peanuts have a sufficient period of growth, it is emphasized that the former crops will be planted after the harvest. The Ludong region strives to close earlier in June 25th and southwest of Luxi and southwestern Shandong and southwestern China, and it will be more accurate to broadcast high-yield peanuts in the summer. The seeder is planted with a disc type opener, and the ridging, seeding, chemical fertilizer application, repression, spraying herbicide and other multiple processes are completed in one operation. The "Yuyu 2", ridge distance 80-85 cm, 2 rows per ridge, between a small row spacing of about 30 cm, 17-20 cm from the hole, two per hole or a seed. Pre-seeding seeds need to be graded, seed dressing with “Guardian†0.25% seed seedlings to prevent seedlings after seedling emergence; 1.0-1.5 kg fast-killing insecticide powder for each acre to prevent earthworms and seedlings such as grasshoppers It is a viral disease transmitted as a major vector; 60-90 ml of quinones (or 150-200 ml of "acetochlor") and 2 g of "rapid feed" (or 80-100 ml of "Nonsita") Herbicides are used to control monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous annual weeds in one year. When soil moisture is poor, watering along the ditch is required after sowing to ensure that all seedlings are sown.
Fifth, field management. During the summer period, peanuts in the early stage (sprouting and seedling stage) and mid-stage (flowering stage and pod stage) grow faster and have a shorter period of time, while late stages (maturity period) are comparable to or slightly longer than spring peanuts. . The general principle of field management should grasp the proactive growth promotion in the early stage, rapidly increase the amount of vegetative growth, actively regulate growth in the medium term, and timely prevent pests such as cotton bollworm and bridge-building insects. In the later period, active prevention of early defoliation and promotion of early maturing should be implemented. Specific measures include:
1. After 10 days of peanut seedlings, two 8-0 days of systemic insecticides and 800-1000 times of “big tadpole†foliar fertilizers are sprayed for 8-10 days to prevent and control aphids and their transmitted virus diseases.
2, peanuts 15-20 days after the beginning of flowering, the plant has been or close to the seal when spraying 800 times "Zhuang satan" inhibited the plant continued to increase, prompting the growth and development of pods.
3. Insecticides are used when insects such as cotton bollworms and bridge-building insect pests and leafhoppers are infested.
4, 40-50 days after the emergence of peanuts, when the plants basically stopped growing, spray a 300-fold "peanut high-yield film" or 800 times thiophanate-methyl and "too much" mixture to prevent premature defoliation.
Six, harvest. In the summer, peanuts are protected by the live peanuts, and the harvesting period is delayed as long as it does not affect the sowing of the crop. The harvester can be harvested with the function of excavating and shaking the earth, and the field can be dried for 2-3 days. Return the fruit to the outside for stacking, fully dry and pick fruit, Yang net storage, stay for the next year, seedlings, seedlings quickly, seedlings strong.
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