Celery can be affected by rot heart disease throughout its entire growth cycle, but the condition is most severe during the seedling stage. Early infection can lead to poor germination and uneven emergence. Once infected after transplanting, the seedlings typically show symptoms such as spots on the growing point, browning or necrosis of the inner leaves, and dry rot that spreads outward from the center to the outer leaves. The disease also progresses from the roots upward, causing discoloration and necrosis of root tissues. As a result, root development becomes abnormal, and the seedlings stop growing, leading to stunted plants or clustered shoots. In severe cases, the affected seedlings become completely necrotic, significantly reducing the quality of the harvested vegetables.
In less severe cases, the disease continues to develop as the seedlings grow, leading to brown discoloration and eventual rotting of the petioles from the bottom up. The primary causes of this disease include high levels of pathogenic bacteria in the planting seeds, which increase the risk of infection. Additionally, high soil temperatures in greenhouses can exacerbate the problem and lead to more severe outbreaks.
To prevent and manage this disease, several effective measures can be taken:
1. **Seed Treatment with Chemicals**: Before sowing, seeds should be treated with 47% Garneton WP at a rate of 0.3% of the seed weight, or soaked in a 400-fold dilution of 47% Garneton WP for 20–30 minutes before planting.
2. **Chemical Control**: During the early stages of the disease, infected seedlings should be removed immediately, and the remaining plants should be sprayed with protective and curative agents. Options include 77% Thiram WP diluted 500 times, 30% Bordeaux mixture diluted 350 times, or 500-fold diluted agricultural streptomycin.
3. **Removal of Infected Seedlings**: Promptly removing diseased seedlings and disposing of them outside the greenhouse is essential to prevent further spread of the disease and minimize yield loss.
By implementing these preventive and control strategies, farmers can effectively reduce the impact of rot heart disease on celery crops, ensuring healthier and more productive harvests. It's important to remain vigilant and act quickly when symptoms are observed, as early intervention is key to successful disease management.
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