In recent years, garlic has been experiencing a phenomenon known as "bolting" or "going to seed," which occurs every year for various reasons. Scientifically speaking, this is a secondary growth process in garlic, a significant physiological event that affects both the yield and quality of the crop. It's also a major concern for farmers in garlic-growing regions. The issue is that some fields result in garlic plants producing a wide range of bulbs, which can reduce the marketability of the main crop. The causes behind this problem are complex. As an agricultural technician working in the postal, agricultural, and rural sectors, I would like to share the main reasons and preventive measures below:
First, it's essential to select a variety that is well-suited for local growing conditions. Choosing the right variety can significantly reduce the risk of bolting.
Second, avoid using gibberellin-treated garlic for planting. Garlic that has undergone cold storage or constant temperature storage should not be used for sowing, as this can trigger early flowering.
Third, choose large to medium-sized cloves for planting and ensure proper sowing timing. Sowing too early can increase the likelihood of bolting. As the saying goes: "Bai Lu is too early, Han Lu is too late—autumn planting is best." Pay attention to reasonable planting density. In particular, fields where garlic is the main crop should be spaced out appropriately to avoid over-crowding. Additionally, planting depth should not be too shallow.
Fourth, apply fertilizers scientifically and promote healthy sprout development. The fertilizer should follow the principle of "compatibility"—this includes base fertilizers such as decomposed organic manure, bio-bacteria, NPK, and trace elements. Apply a moderate amount of nitrogen fertilizer during spring, avoiding excessive or insufficient application. Keep the soil moist and consider using humic acid-based fertilizers combined with anti-pest treatments, such as potassium sulfate, which has shown good results.
Fifth, protect against frost damage, especially from "cold springs." Spraying garlic with a specialized product like 2116 plus a growth regulator at the right time can help prevent this issue.
By following these practices, farmers can effectively manage and reduce the occurrence of garlic bolting, ensuring better yields and higher-quality produce.
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