In long-term practical work, we identified the challenges of high summer temperatures and difficulty in managing humidity. To address these issues, we developed a "shadow shelter-like wild cultivation model." This approach is ideal for intensive production, as it promotes high growth rates of *Pleurotus ostreatus*. In an open environment, wild mushrooms grow under similar conditions, resulting in pure-colored fruit bodies, firm flesh, and high commercial value.
The method involves selecting a suitable site—ideally a flat area larger than 1,000 square meters, but not excessively large. Bamboo or cement poles are erected to form a structure about 2 to 2.5 meters high. The southern side is lower, creating a sloped shed. Shelves are built, and corn stalks are covered with plastic film before being topped with fireweed, straw, and other materials to create a large shaded area. Vines of loofah, squash, and gourds are planted in strategic locations so that they can climb the structure, forming a dense green canopy.
The roof of the shade shed is positioned more than 2 meters above the growing area. A sunshade net is installed from the top down to the ground. Water pipes equipped with one-way (inward) spray nozzles are placed at the top of the structure. Two rows of two-way spray nozzles are installed in each cultivation section. During normal management, all nozzles operate to maintain moisture and humidity. When wind is present, only the upwind nozzles are activated. At noon, when temperatures rise, the southern nozzles are turned on. In the afternoon, the western nozzles are used. On rainy days, spraying is not needed, allowing natural conditions to take over.
Because the temperature beneath the shade remains relatively stable and humidity levels are consistently good, this system significantly reduces labor and management costs. Additionally, the high commercial value of fresh mushrooms boosts production efficiency. However, larger shade sheds require higher initial investment and ongoing maintenance, including issues like wind protection and rain drainage. Therefore, it’s not advisable to blindly replicate this model if large-scale production facilities are not available.
For general cultivation, smaller shade structures can be built. For example, a 44-meter by 44-meter shade house can be constructed with 40 sterilized spawn bags inside. Although small sheds are more affected by external temperatures, careful management can still achieve results comparable to those of larger systems. With proper attention, even small-scale growers can benefit from this efficient and eco-friendly cultivation model.
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