(a) Overview:
Semi-dry silage, also known as low-hydration silage, is a new technology developed on the basis of conventional silage technology principles and methods. The method of semi-dry silage is to store green feeds for 1-2 days after they are harvested, reduce the water content to about 50%, and then store them anaerobicly. This air-dried raw material can cause adverse effects on saprophytic bacteria, caseinous bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria, and hinders their growth and reproduction. Therefore, during silage, the degree of microbial fermentation is weakened, protein decomposition is less, and organic acid formation is less.
Since the 1980s, most pastures in China have been dominated by regular silage and hay. Although there have been successful reports on the semi-dry silage technology of sweet potato cane and valerian, it has not been popularized. (II) Preparation method of semi-dry silage 1. Cut and integrate grass ridges: The gramineous crops from the booting stage to the heading stage, and the leguminous feeds will be integrated with 1-160 m wide grass ridges at the initial flowering stage. 2. Drying: As soon as possible, the water content in the stems and leaves of feed should be reduced to 45%-55%. It is transported to the cellar, where it is 1-3 meters long and enters the cellar. 3, cellar and cover: edge loading, edge compaction, and finally covered with polyethylene film. 4. Rapidly reduce moisture: The moisture of the raw material after harvest should be quickly reduced to 45%-50%. Because it is closely related to the loss of nutrients in raw materials. For example, nutrients in raw materials that have been reduced to 55% moisture content for 9 hours are lost by only 2%, and nutrient losses exceed 6.6% when 24-26h reaches this moisture content. During the rainy season, the water content dropped to 55% for 72 hours and the nutrient loss was as high as 16.5%. 5, raw material standards: general silage raw material requirements cut into 2-5cm long, semi-dry silage is required to cut into 1.5cm is better. The method of loading semi-dry silage materials is also a factor that affects the quality of silage. Taking the filling of silage mash as an example, loading from one of the two corners of the sampan, loading a full section of the slush, and loading the next seg- (iii) Timing for harvesting pasture or forage crops suitable for silage Harvesting of forage or forage crops used for silage is subject to various conditions, such as dry matter yield per unit area, digestible total nutrient content of harvested crops, etc. The requirements of silage and silage on the content of chemical constituents such as water, WSC, and protein in raw materials, the climate conditions during the preparation of silage, the requirements of feed technology on feed quality and so on cannot be generalized.
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