Feed Processing Technology - Thermal Spray Technology
The thermal spray is to put the material (straw, cake pan, chicken manure, etc.) into the feed heat sprayer and heat saturated steam into the machine. After a certain period of time, the material is subjected to high pressure heat treatment, and then the material is suddenly depressurized. , Forcing the material to be ejected from the machine out of the atmosphere, thereby changing its structure and certain chemical components, and after disinfection, deodorization, make the material into a pressure and heat processing process of more valuable feed. Therefore, the feed thermal spray technology is accomplished by a special thermal spray device and its unique process flow. At present, the domestic production of feed heat sprayer is invented by the Inner Mongolia Academy of Animal Husbandry and Animal Husbandry. The heat spray type 6 feed processing machine produced by the Hohhot Boiler Plant is actually a batch type air-blast extruder.
2. working principle
During the thermal spraying process, the material uses the thermal effect of steam to melt the lignin at high temperature, and the cellulose molecules break and degrade. At the same time, the pressure is suddenly relieved due to high pressure, and internal friction is generated to explode the cells and tear the cell wall. Loose, thus changing the overall structure of the crude fiber and the molecular structure of the chemical chain. Because in the thermal spraying process, the material is subjected to 1 to 15 minutes in the high-pressure tank, the pressure is 0.39 to 1.18 MPa, the temperature is 145 to 190°C, and the moisture content is 25% to 40%, so that the lignin of the fiber material is dissolved, The hydrogen chain breaks and the fiber crystallinity decreases. When a sudden explosion occurs, lignin will melt, and at the same time a decomposition reaction of several macromolecules occurs. Through the mechanical effect of explosion, the stress concentrates on the fragile structural region of the melted lignin, resulting in loosening of the intercellular walls and cell-free substances. The particles will suddenly become smaller, and the total area will increase, so as to achieve the effect of soft texture and fragrant taste, and increase the feed intake and digestibility of livestock straw.
3. Thermal spraying device
The structure and process flow of the thermal spray device: The raw materials are chopped by a rake, loaded into a storage tank, and loaded into a pressure tank installed in the ground in batches via a feed hopper. After it is sealed, low-medium pressure steam of 0.5 to 1.0 megapascals (steam supplied by the boiler and controlled by an intake valve) is maintained. After a period of time (between 1 to 30 minutes), the discharge valve is controlled to perform decompression. Spraying, straw through the discharge pipe into the discharge tank. Sprayed straw can be directly fed or pressed into shape.
When the straw is thermally sprayed, the production rate is 300-400 kg/h, the coal consumption is 50 kg/h, and the cost of heat-spraying 1 ton of corn stover is about 20 yuan.
4. Thermal spray effect
After the thermal spraying, due to the change of the physical properties of the straw, its whole plant feeding rate increased from 50% to 90%, and the digestibility increased by more than 50%. The thermal spray device can also detoxify the rapeseed cake and the cottonseed cake, deodorize and sterilize the feces, and make it a normal protein feed. Research shows that the thermal spraying process conditions mainly include three elements. That is, the processing pressure, holding time, and discharge pressure. Therefore, the effect of thermal spraying is to select the appropriate three indicators and their application. After exploration, the digestibility of various types of straw (excluding sunflower plates) in the medium-pressure area (1.57 to 3.33 MPa) and short-term (1 to 5 minutes) have been greatly improved. However, when applied in production, due to the considerations of equipment safety, price, and management, low-pressure (less than 1.57 MPa) and long-time (3 to 10 minutes) treatment processes are used, and their digestibility is improved. The amplitude is less than the medium-voltage area (about 60% to 80% of the effect in the central area), but it is suitable for the current situation in China.
Color design and color is more
Germination warm 10 to
30 ℃
While the number of days
10-14
Grow warm 5 to 35 ℃
Is a perennial.Root shallow, not resistant to transplant, should
be broadcast live.Northern spring, general
can blossom in June.Seed
germination is too light, should be appropriate shade, the seedling stage to
keep the soil moist.Germinating
slowly, at 10 to 30 ℃ temperature, two weeks after emergence.Warm
regions as a perennial cultivation, planting site should give sufficient basal,
growing season fertilizer water 1-2 times a month, when the summer drought
attention to irrigation.Sex is
fond of warm and humid climate, sunny and fertile, drainage good sandy loam,
not cold.Verbena
stem stocky prostrate, is a good material, long flowering, in addition to
habitat CaiLiaoChu used in flower beds, flower, also can be potted ornamental,
or large area planted for urban road green belts, big wheel, a slope, etc.
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Ningxia Bornstein Import & Export Co., Ltd , http://www.bornstein-agriculture.com