The lily is one of the five famous fresh-cut flowers. In recent years, potted lilies have risen quietly, supplementing the shortcomings of cut lily. High-quality potted plants require a compact, compact plant with thick stems and leafy flowers. The plant height of most white lily varieties is 60-120cm. If they are planted in pots, stems that are too tall are liable to be tilted and broken. It is inconvenient to carry and the yellow leaves of the leaves become rarified, and the overall ornamental effect is not good. However, there are few lily dwarfing varieties, and appropriate dwarfing when potted, and at the same time adjusting the plant height according to need, can greatly enhance the ornamental value, adapt to different market demands, and increase economic efficiency. First, the selection and treatment of bulbs Different sizes of bulbs are suitable for potted plants. According to the size of the bulb, different sizes of pots and bulbs in each pot were selected. The general 10-12cm pots 1 species, bulb diameter 14-18cm, the number of flowers per pot 4-8; 12-17cm pots can be planted 3, bulb diameter 12-16cm, each pot of flowers 6- 15; 19-25cm pots can be planted 3-5, the ball diameter 12-18cm, 5 pots per pot species of flowers up to 25 or so. Potted lilies should be full, uniform, and disease-free bulbs. Before the planting, the contaminated bulbs were removed and immersed in 70% chlorothalonil WP 800 times for 30 minutes or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times for 1 hour, picked up and dried, then planted in the upper pot. Second, pot dwarfing techniques (a) cultivation of the matrix potted lily requires good matrix permeability, medium fertility, good moisture retention, no bacteria, avoid salt high. Asiatic Lily soil pH 6-7, Oriental Lily soil pH 5.5-6.5. Matrix composition: 50% peat soil + 30% nursery soil + 20% perlite (or coarse sand) + a small amount of ash. (b) Plant a soil layer with a larger layer of granules on the bottom of the plant pot first, then spread 1-2cm of the well-matched substrate, and put the bulbs so that the basal roots are stretched and tiled (be careful not to cut off the basal roots). Can remove necrotic old root). A pot of bulbs is placed in the middle of the pot with the buds facing upwards; a pot of balls is evenly discharged, the buds are slightly oriented towards the pot wall (to avoid squeezing the pot out of the pot and squeezed in the middle), and then the bulb is covered with 6-8 cm of soil. (Winter planting) or 8-10cm (Summer planting), because the lily roots absorb water and nutrients during the growth period, so the cover soil must not be too shallow, otherwise the root length of the stem section will not be good, ultimately affecting the growth of the lily, and easy Lodging. After the soil is covered, the soil is compacted, placed in a shaded shed, and placed neatly at certain intervals. Do not be too dense and drench the water again. (3) Dwarf treatment When potted lily buds are unearthed at 5-10 cm, paclobutrazol is applied to the soil. Tests have shown that 150 mg/L paclobutrazol can control lily height at 20-25 cm; 100 mg/L paclobutrazol can control lily height at 25-30 cm; 50 mg/L can control lily height at about 35 cm. As long as you have a good grasp of the timing of application, you can achieve the effect only once. The application of paclobutrazol can make the potted lily dwarf, compact plant type, deepened leaf color, and reduced yellowing of the leaflets. It has no effect on the number and size of flowers and leaves, and can obviously enhance the ornamental effect of potted lily. Third, conservation management (a) temperature management to obtain high-quality potted lilies, to cultivate a good root system is very important. In the initial stage of growth (the first 1/3 of the growth cycle or 3-4 weeks before the stem root grows), the temperature of the soil is low, and the optimum temperature is 0°C to 13°C. Too low will prolong the growth period, and higher than 15°C will affect the product. Quality, should pay attention to shade, ventilation, if necessary, with cold water or spray cooling, but the spray is easy to make Asian lily infected with gray mold. After the stem root grows, the temperature can be gradually increased. The daytime temperature is controlled between 20°C and 25°C. Lily requirements are not the same for different types of nighttime temperatures. Asian lily 1°C-15°C, Oriental lily 15°C-20°C (less than 15°C may cause budding and yellow leaves). (b) Water Management Pots Lily should always be kept moist during its growth, but it should be avoided if it is too humid, otherwise it will affect root growth. Watering should be done in the morning. Check the flowerpots regularly for stagnant water, if the water should be treated in time. The relative humidity of lily growth should be maintained at 70%-85%, avoiding too much fluctuation, and dramatic changes will cause the blade to zoom. Available shade, ventilation, watering and other methods to adjust. (C) Lighting Management Lily has strict requirements for lighting. Insufficient light will cause lily growth and development and cause buds to fall. Plants will become weaker and the leaf color will become lighter. Flower buds need special lighting when they are developed. In the summer, the production of potted lilies must be shaded with 50% to 70% of shading. Autumn, winter and spring production should be shaded when the lily is rooted to reduce the soil temperature. The shading net should be removed in time to ensure that there is sufficient light. Planting lilies during short days in autumn and winter, and artificially supplementing the light to facilitate the normal development of lilies and flowering in advance, the specific method is: from 50% bud germination for 6 weeks to budding, 1m above the lily, hang one per square meterç› 20W incandescent bulbs, fill light 4-6 hours a day, so that the total daily illumination time of about 16 hours. It should be noted that during the use of the shade net, the flowerpot should be rotated every few days to prevent the stem from bending and growing. (D) fertilization pot Lily 3-4 weeks after planting a small amount of fertilization (Lily bogey heavy fertilizer), combined with soil application and leaf application. To control the application of phosphate fertilizer concentration, prevent excessive phosphorus caused by leaf burn. It can be supplemented with more nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage, applied 2-3 times with 1% urea + 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.05% borax aqueous solution, budding with 0.3% potassium nitrate 0.1% phosphoric acid II Aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was applied 1-2 times. When the lily leaves showed symptoms of iron deficiency and yellowed, 0.5% ferrous sulfate solution was applied once. (5) Diseases and Insect Pests The common diseases of potted lilies are leaf blight, gray mold, root rot, bulb rot disease and epidemic disease. The prevention and control methods are mainly based on prevention. The following points should be taken: 1 Select disease-free ball; 2 Use 25% carbendazim 500 times to sterilize the bulbs and cultivating substrate; 3 Prevent the soil from getting too wet and keep the leaves dry; 4 Find the diseased plants to remove them in time; 5 Regularly use 20% chlorothalonil Fumigation and sterilization. Potted lily pests are mainly aphids, control methods: 1 remove pots and surrounding weeds; 2 sprayed with 40% dimethoate emulsion 800-1000 times or 2.5% bifenthrin 2000-4000 times. Fourth, the sale of the market is usually the first bud of potted lilies to color or open to market. In order to ensure that there is a good pot of flowers, we must ensure that the lily is clean and filled with water before sending, and all yellow leaves should be removed. If it is sent to a foreign country, the transportation time should be as short as possible to prevent the lack of light causing the buds to fall off, and at the same time avoid storing the potted lily in the refrigerator for too long so that the buds cannot be fully opened after the customers buy it back.
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