Rice-free dry-landing and seedling-casting technology is a new technology that uses a disc-free throwing agent, a dry seedling raising technology, and a throwing-out technology. It uses "dry nurse nanny" super absorbent seed coating agent for seed coating, the implementation of dry and throwing. Its technical feature is the ability to form a “hygroscopic mud ball†with a diameter of 2.5–3 cm at the root of a seedling seedling. On the one hand, this technology integrates the advantages of soil throwing, easy throwing, and easy-living seedlings with seedlings thrown from plastic trays, improves the seedling erection seedling rate, and is conducive to physical seedlings; on the other hand, it integrates the fertilizer bed dry seedlings. The advantages of large elasticity can foster strong and strong, strong roots and strong seedlings, and increase the rooting power of cast seedlings, which is beneficial to physiological seedlings. At the same time, it reduces the cost of seedling raising.
Since 2004, the National Agricultural Technology Center organized eight provinces (regions) including Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Guizhou to carry out trials and demonstrations on the techniques of diskless drought breeding and rice transplanting. Good application effect. At present, the total area of ​​the nationwide non-distribution technology has been more than 3 million mu.
The main technical effects are:
The seedling age, seedling diameter, number of roots per plant, total number of roots per plant, number of soil per plant, soil weight per plant, and fresh weight of 100 seedlings were all significantly higher than those of the plastic trays. Seedling emergence rate and seedling emergence rate are about 10% higher than that of plastic seedlings. The seedlings are neat and consistent, and they have obvious preventive effects on seedling diseases such as bakanae disease.
The seedling establishment rate, the post-throwing rooting rate, and the standing seedling rate on the day of planting seedlings with seedlings and seedlings were all higher than those of wet plastic seedlings and plastic seedlings, and the seedling establishment rate was up to 5 days after planting. More than 98%, 7 days after planting all seedlings. The speed of tillering and the number of panicles in the field of dry seedlings without discs were also higher than those of plastic disc wet nursery and plastic disc dry nursery.
Raising the yield of rice without discs is generally about 5% higher than that of plastic discs, and is about 15% higher than that of conventional dry seedlings, which increases economic benefits. According to the analysis of Hunan Changsha County Agricultural Technology Center, the net profit of non-discharged dry farming and no-tillage cultivation reached 540.4 yuan, an increase of 71.8 yuan compared with 468.6 yuan for plastic trays and no-tillage, which is more effective than plastic trays. 426.6 yuan will increase by 113.8 yuan.
The main technical points are:
To do a good job on seedbeds, dry nursery beds should be fat, soft, and thick to achieve bed soil "sponge" in order to facilitate the cultivation of strong and easy to pull out. Fixed seedbeds should be set up, and soil beds should be cultivated, or a garden field should be selected as a seedbed. The bottom water of the dry nursery bed should be poured fully, so that the moisture content of the seed bed can reach 0 to 10 cm. Generally, one more water is poured than usual.
Soaking Seed coating According to varieties of indica and japonica rice, choose different formulations of disc-free throwing agent - dry nurse nanny, per kilogram of "dry nurse nanny" coating 3 kg of rice seed. Adopt the "package-in-stock" method, soak the rice seeds in clean water for 20 minutes before coating, and soak in seeds in the lower temperature rice region for 12 hours or before breaking the chest. To excess moisture. The seed coating agent is poured into the round bottom container, and then the soaked rice seed is slowly added into the container for rolling coating, and stirring is continued while adding the seed coating agent until the seeds are all wrapped.
Uniform sowing will evenly sow the well-coated seeds, and use the “precision sowing device†for disc-free throwing and sowing. The sowing amount of dry seedlings, the middle and late rice japonica hybrid rice is generally 20-25 kg per mu, and the ratio between Putian and Datian is 1:20-25.
Seedbed management First, special herbicides are sprayed on dry fields; on the other hand, it is covered with film to increase the temperature and moisture, and non-woven fabrics are recommended for coverage; thirdly, the film is uncovered after replenishing seedlings, and moisture is filled once; the fourth is on the day before pulling out the pot. In the afternoon, it is necessary to pour water once to ensure that the roots of the seedlings are “hygroscopic mudballs†at the time of pulling out. Other management is based on routine management of dry nursery.
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