Spring is the peak season for *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum*, especially in wet and rainy years. Based on practical experience, effective prevention and control measures should be taken as follows:
First, it's important to ensure proper drainage during spring, as excessive rainfall can lead to waterlogging in oilseed rape fields. Waterlogged conditions hinder root respiration and nutrient absorption, leading to root rot and stem rot, which negatively impact yield. High humidity also promotes disease development, so field drainage must be maintained regularly by clearing ditches.
Second, loosening the soil during the flowering period of oilseed rape helps reduce the spread of *Sclerotinia*. By cultivating the soil, you can disrupt the sclerotia formed by the fungus, significantly lowering disease incidence. This practice also helps control weeds and improves soil aeration.
Third, removing old, yellow, and diseased leaves during the flowering to the final flowering stage is essential. This reduces the disease source and improves air circulation and light penetration in the field. It's best to remove these leaves after the morning dew has dried, and the removed leaves should be taken out of the field for destruction to prevent further spread.
Fourth, applying potassium fertilizer during spring can enhance the plant's resistance to disease. This is typically done from late February to early March. A recommended dose is 5–6 kg of potassium chloride per mu, applied to the roots on sunny afternoons. Alternatively, spraying a solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate from the bud stage through the flowering stage can also be effective.
Fifth, targeted chemical control is necessary in fields with susceptible varieties, those with continuous cropping, low-lying paddy fields, or areas where nitrogen fertilizer was over-applied. When the leaf infection rate reaches 8–10% and the stem infection rate is around 1%, apply 150 grams of 40% carbendazim gel suspension per acre, mixed with 50–75 kg of water. Spray the lower stems and leaves directly for better efficacy, and repeat the application every 7–10 days.
By following these integrated management practices, farmers can effectively reduce the impact of *Sclerotinia* and protect their oilseed rape crops.
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