Datura, commonly known as Jimsonweed, Thorn Apple, or Horn-of-Plenty, is a flowering plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. Its full scientific name is *Datura metel* L. This herbaceous annual plant typically grows between 70 to 150 cm in height. The leaves are ovate, measuring around 20 cm in length and 10 cm in width, with entire serrated edges.
The flowers bloom at night and come in various colors such as white, red, and orange. They have a funnel-shaped corolla, about 10 to 15 cm long, with five lobes at the top. Each flower has five stamens and two ovary chambers, with a linear-shaped stigma. After ripening, the fruit becomes a nearly spherical capsule covered in short spines. When mature, the capsule cracks irregularly, releasing numerous seeds.
Other common names for this plant include Nanyang Jinhua, Mountain Eggplant, Fengronghua, Naoyanghua, and Fengqiuhua. Despite its beauty, Datura is a highly poisonous plant. All parts of the plant contain toxic alkaloids, with the seeds and flowers being the most dangerous. Ingesting any part of it can lead to severe poisoning.
Symptoms of poisoning include dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, agitation, hallucinations, drowsiness, elevated body temperature, cold hands and feet, and even muscle paralysis. If someone is poisoned, inducing vomiting as soon as possible is a critical first aid step.
Datura is commonly found in wild areas, particularly in the central and southern regions, as well as coastal zones. Although it is toxic, the plant has been used historically in traditional medicine. The flowers have been employed for their anesthetic, analgesic, sedative, and hypnotic properties. The leaves are sometimes used to treat rheumatic pain, while the seeds have been applied in treating conditions like blood disorders and certain types of fevers.
However, due to its high toxicity, it should never be used without proper medical supervision. Always consult a healthcare professional before using any part of this plant.
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