Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common and frequently encountered condition among urban primary and secondary school students. Its prevalence increases with age, and various factors may contribute to its development. Poor dietary habits, gastrointestinal infections, overuse of antibiotics, genetic predispositions, and psychosocial stressors are believed to play significant roles in triggering IBS in this population. Additionally, the occurrence of anxiety disorders also rises with age, further complicating the clinical picture.
IBS is classified as a functional gastrointestinal disorder, characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, altered bowel habits, and the presence of mucus in stools. These symptoms are persistent or intermittent and do not show any morphological or biochemical abnormalities. It is often referred to as intestinal dysfunction, allergic colitis, spastic colitis, or mucinous colitis. The condition is more commonly seen in young and middle-aged individuals.
A study published in the March issue of the *Chinese Digestive Journal* investigated the prevalence and risk factors of IBS among 4,826 primary and secondary school students in two prefecture-level cities in Fujian Province. Researchers from the Department of Gastroenterology at Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, used a multi-stage cluster random sampling method to gather data. They found that the corrected IMIS and Rome II diagnostic criteria yielded prevalence rates of 52.16% and 17.10%, respectively. No significant gender differences were observed in the prevalence rates among high school students (P > 0.05).
Logistic regression analysis identified several key risk factors for IBS, including grade level, consumption of spicy or cold foods, history of gastrointestinal infections, frequent antibiotic use, family history, and psychological factors such as difficulty swallowing, snoring-related behaviors, anorexia, and emotional suppression. These factors showed an odds ratio greater than 1, indicating a strong association with IBS.
Among the 34,826 students surveyed, 22.53% had anxiety disorders, with higher rates observed in females (26.45%) compared to males (17.84%). This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). When comparing scores on the five domains of the *Children's Anxiety Disorders Screening Table (scARED Scale)*, students with IBS scored significantly higher than those without IBS.
In summary, IBS is a prevalent condition among urban students, with increasing prevalence as age advances. Factors such as poor eating habits, gastrointestinal infections, antibiotic misuse, and psychosocial stressors may contribute to its development. Anxiety disorders are also more common in older students, highlighting the need for comprehensive management strategies that address both physical and mental health aspects.
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