June to September is the peak season for the growth of tilapia, but during this period, the quality of water changes most frequently as the amount of feed increases, and disaster weather occurs frequently. If you can control water quality and implement healthy breeding, you can ensure that the increase in production and income If you neglect management, you may have to give up all your efforts. Tilapia market is quite promising this year, but climate change is not constant, so water quality management at this time is very important. Following the actual situation, talk about tilapia water quality management measures during the peak season, for reference only.
Manage water well and create excellent water quality base In tilapia cultivation, water source is the most basic and most important aspect. It determines the water quality conditions and the success or failure of breeding. The selection of a good water source determines the basic conditions of water quality. General water conditions require stable, adequate, clean and sanitary water sources, suitable water temperatures, good water quality, and no pollution. They are in line with national fishery water quality standards, and require easy injection and drainage as well as single-injection single row. In the injection and drainage outlets, a fishing tackle net should be constructed to prevent enemy organisms and wild fish from entering the pool and prevent fish from being caught. Before entering the breeding pond, the water source should be filtered and disinfected in the reservoir to kill the pathogens and predator organisms in the water source. Generally, the water body can use 25g-30g quicklime or 1g bleaching powder (containing more than 25% of available chlorine). Spill, need to kill pests, but also per cubic meter with 0.5 grams of trichlorfon Quanchiposa. The probability of flooding from June to September is relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the intake and drain outlets well, and do a good job in the construction of filtration facilities to ensure ease of irrigation and drainage, and the embankment is not easy to be washed away, to prevent floods from flushing fish or rushing into debris to prevent fish. Growth.
Rational fertilization and cultivation of good water quality The amount of fertilizer affects both the growth of tilapia and the change in water quality. Although tilapia is not very strict in terms of water quality, it can be cultivated with moderate fertilization to allow plankton to grow in a good state, increase dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the water, and cultivate good water conditions. Assisted Tilapia growth. From May to June, organic fertilizer is used as the main fertilizer, once every 7 days to 10 days; from July to September, fertilizer is used as the main fertilizer and once every 4 days to 6 days. General requirements of water transparency in 25 centimeters, the color should be dark brown. At the same time, it should be noted that the amount of fertilizer should not be too much, pay attention to less applied facilities. Human and animal manure and other organic fertilizers can be applied from 100 kg to 150 kg per mu. Each time, the fertilizer uses 1 kg of urea or 1.5 kg of ammonium sulfate, plus 1 kg to 1.5 kg of superphosphate. Biofertilizer can also be applied according to water temperature and water quality.
Scientific feeding to ensure relatively stable water quality
From June to September, tilapia grows most vigorously and feedstuffs are put in a large amount, which has a great impact on water quality. We should grasp the principle of scientific feeding and stabilize water quality so as to avoid harm. Feeding should be based on the weather, water quality and fish feeding conditions. Because tilapia is one of the main targets of high-density aquaculture or "factory-based" aquaculture at present, it is necessary to feed nutritionally-complex formulated feeds when breeding, but if you do not grasp scientific methods during feeding, it will not only waste feed. And it will also corrupt water quality and induce various diseases. So feed the food to science. Tilapia has a wide range of feeding habits. Under the condition of artificial feeding, it can feed various feeds, such as wheat, corn, and rice cakes. The protein content in the initial feed should be 32% to 35%, and the daily feed volume should be 3% to 5% of the total fish body weight. When the individual specifications grow to about 200 grams, the amount of feed can be adjusted to 2% of the total fish body weight and ensure that the protein content in the feed is between 27% and 29%. When individuals reached about 300 grams, tilapia entered the fastest growing period, with daily feeds maintained at 1% to 2% of fish's body weight and protein content of feeds above 35%. Feed can be self-mixed, but it is best processed into pellets. In the feeding method, we must emphasize the "four principles" principle. Feed 2 times a day at 8 am to 9 am and 3 pm to 4 pm. There are still 2 to 3 bait stations for each mu of ponds for fixed feeding. The weather is fine and the water quality is fresh. When the fish eats well, they can vote more. If not, they will vote less or not. Strictly control the feeding and night feeding of floating fish at the morning to avoid causing diseases.
Regular water injection, do a good job of water quality regulation and control
From June to September, the water temperature is high, the water quality changes quickly, and the amount of fertilizer used for feeding is relatively large. Fish excretion is strong and can easily pollute water quality. Therefore, water quality regulation should be strengthened. Water quality regulation is the fundamental way to cultivate good water quality conditions. When ponds are farmed, the pool water should be changed frequently to maintain the fresh water quality and prevent floating heads and pans. The dissolved oxygen should always be kept above 3 mg/l. Generally every 7 days to 10 days or so, add new water, change the water every time 10 cm to 20 cm, so that the pond water level is maintained at about 1.5 meters, and the number of water changes may be appropriately increased during the continuous high temperature season. During aquaculture, depending on the weather, water temperature, and fish feeding conditions, aerators should be properly aerated to increase oxygen. When the weather changes, the air pressure is low, and the dissolved oxygen in the water is less than 3 mg/liter of fish floating head, the power-on frequency must be increased. And boot time. When cages are raised in the reservoirs, they should be brushed, washed away from the cages and attached to algae, so that the water bodies can be fully exchanged, and the boxes should be checked regularly. Damages should be promptly repaired to prevent running fish or ferocious fish from entering the tank. If necessary, continue to adjust the cage. Adjust the cage to a suitable depth as the water level of the reservoir rises and falls. In the case of severe hypoxia can also be used to increase oxygen, generally can use lime to adjust the water quality on a regular basis, generally every half a month with 15 grams of lime per acre ~ 20 kg of water Quanchiposa once. In the event of a floating head, oxygenation agents and other related drugs may also be used to increase oxygen. At the same time, the residual bait and dirt on the pond or feed table should be promptly removed to prevent water pollution.
Prevent disease and do routine maintenance of water quality
June-September is the best growing season for tilapia, and it is also the period most susceptible to diseases. Once a fish disease occurs, it will infect quickly, pollute the water quality and cause losses. In the cultivation of tilapia, regular disease prevention is a guarantee of good water quality conditions. The use of quicklime for disease prevention is more appropriate because it can regulate the pH of the water body, kill harmful bacteria in the water body, and release inorganic salts in the sediment to increase the body's fatness. First of all, we must regularly disinfect the ponds. Every 10 days to 15 days during pond aquaculture, lime should be sprayed with 15 to 20 kilograms of water per acre, and 1 to 2 times a month to adjust the pH of the pool to a slightly alkaline pH. Use biological agents to improve the ponds. Microbial structure to improve water quality. At the same time, oxygen should be turned on at a proper time. When the dissolved oxygen is low, the aerator will be opened when the fish has a slight floating head, so that the pH value in the pool water is maintained between 7.0 and 8.0, and the transparency is between 25 cm and 30 cm. When cages are cultured, they can be routinely disinfected and prevented through drug hanging bags or feeding baits to improve water quality conditions. Second, we must strengthen daily management. Adhere to day and night patrol ponds, adhere to the measurement of water temperature and temperature 3 times a day, measure the pH value once a week, and measure the transparency twice. In the early morning and at night, the patrol ponds were once well-prepared for the breeding diary, and the key period was dawn, noon, and evening. The food was checked strictly and there were no signs of floating heads. It is necessary to timely remove the bait and dirt from the pond and the feed table, and remove weeds from the pool. When the signs of floating heads are found, fertilization should be stopped and the amount of feed should be controlled, and oxygenation measures should be taken immediately. Found dead fish in the pool, should be promptly removed, check the cause of death, symptomatic treatment, while the diseased fish should be treated far away from the deep, so as not to damage the water quality, induce fish disease or fish disease spread.
Take rounds to prevent gradual deterioration of water quality
From June to September, with the rapid growth of tilapia, the amount of pond-loaded fish increased significantly and the probability of deterioration of water quality increased. At this time, attention should be paid to well-rounded catching, release of water space, and control of the loading of water bodies. The amount of fish can be used to control water quality and prevent problems. Because fish grow faster in August and September, the risk of anaerobic dead fish will increase when the fish body grows and exceeds the amount of fish in the water body. Allowed, but also timely restocking an appropriate number of fish species, lay the foundation for the next year's breeding.
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