Release date: 2007-12-03
Understanding Common Fusion Gene Transcript Levels in Newly Diagnosed Leukemia Patients Fusion gene transcripts vary significantly among different types of leukemia and show individual differences. Measuring the transcript levels of these fusion genes in newly diagnosed patients is crucial not only for monitoring minimal residual disease and evaluating treatment effectiveness, but also for establishing standardized data comparison across laboratories. Leukemia, often referred to as "blood cancer," is a malignant disorder of hematopoietic tissue, characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of specific leukemic cells in the bone marrow or other hematopoietic tissues. This can lead to infiltration of various organs and tissues, causing functional damage and resulting in a range of clinical symptoms. A study published in the July issue of the Chinese Journal of Hematology investigated the transcript levels of fusion genes in 195 leukemia patients using TaqMan probe-based real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-PCR). The study included cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Specific fusion genes analyzed were M-bcr-abl, m-bcr-abl, TEL-AML1, AML1-ETO, PML-RARα, and CBFβ-MYH11. The researchers used abl as an internal reference gene, expressing the results as a ratio of fusion gene copies to abl gene copies multiplied by 100%. Findings showed that M-bcr-abl transcript levels in both bone marrow and peripheral blood of CML-CP patients were similar (median values of 30% and 35%, respectively). In ALL patients, M-bcr-abl and m-bcr-abl transcript levels were comparable (64% vs. 54%), but higher than in CML-CP patients (P < 0.001). TEL-AML1 transcript levels in ALL patients reached a median of 228%. In AML patients, AML1-ETO transcripts were significantly higher than those of CBFβ-MYH11 and PML-RARα (388% vs. 145% vs. 47%). Additionally, CBFβ-MYH11 was more prevalent than PML-RARα. Among PML-RARα subtypes, L-type had lower levels compared to S-type (45% vs. 55%). These findings highlight the variability in fusion gene transcript levels among newly diagnosed leukemia patients, emphasizing the importance of accurate quantification for both clinical and research purposes. Such measurements are essential for guiding treatment strategies and ensuring consistency in diagnostic practices across different settings. ——Midi Medical Network
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