Audience and friends, welcome to the Science and Technology Park. Today we will introduce you to the Palm. Palm plants can be classified into economic palms and ornamental palms according to their uses. People are relatively familiar with the development and use of the economic palm.
Like the most famous coconut, it is known as “Cash Tree†or “Tianshuâ€. There are more than 500 million farmers in the tropical region of the world relying on it for a living. It is a symbolic tree in the tropics.
Yes, there is oil palm, known as "oil king", producing more than 80 tons of oil per hectare and is an important edible oil in Southeast Asia.
One song I believe we must have heard, “The betel nut hangs on a tall tree, and whoever climbs first will taste it first.†Some viewers may not even know it. The betel nut is also a palm plant and belongs to the economic palm. It is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine. . There is also sugar palm, wax brown, and so on.
It seems that the members of the Palm family are really quite a few. What about the use of ornamental palms? What are the technical aspects of their cultivation and conservation?
What are the strange new varieties of ornamental palms? These are the topics we are concerned about in this issue of Science and Technology Park.
Let's take a look at the beauty of ornamental palms.
The gentle sea breeze brought a lot of coolness to the coast of the summer. The waves kissed the clean sandy beach day after day, and these tropical scenery vividly brought together these various palm plants on the coast. The family of palm plants is quite large. There are about 217 genera in the world and more than 3,800 varieties. The vast majority are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions, and a small number are distributed in the temperate and arid desert regions. There are a total of 300 species originating and introduced in China, which are mainly distributed in Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces.
Palm plant has a prominent reputation in the world of plants. Its importance is second only to grasses and legumes. Ornamental Palms are more eye-catching. They are brave enough to fight for the protagonist on the stage of urban afforestation and indoor landscaping.
At present, the development of cold-tolerant palm varieties has just begun. However, the lives of the urban and rural people are more closely related to the small potted palms. They are the main direction for the development of ornamental palms. In an assortment of flower markets, all kinds of flower-seeking foliage plants are contending with each other, and ornamental palms have gradually come to the forefront of market consumption. It is in line with international flower consumption trends and has attracted more and more lover's attention.
Ornamental palms are extremely useful in the decoration of homes, offices, hotels, and conference halls, and they create a beautiful landscape wherever they are placed. While planting and admiring, people also gave many beautiful symbols to different potted palms. This species is native to New Guinea and is rarely seen in the country. Can you see its implication from its leaf shape?
Ornamental potted palms are really flattering.
There are more than 200 kinds of potted palms in the country and they have become an integral part of home decoration. It is said that palm-watching is not an issue for the global horticultural community.
People have a soft spot for potted palms, which will surely hold up a small consumer space.
Yes, many domestic gardening companies and flower growers want to show their skills in the potted palm market!
So, which ornamental palms are suitable for potting? What technical links do they need to master in the cultivation process?
There are also families that need to pay attention to what they need to pay attention to when they watch potted palms. We then look at the following.
Judging from the heights of the palm plants, the large palms at 10 meters are often suitable for urban afforestation. Small and medium-sized palms with a height of 6 meters or less are suitable for ornamental potted plants. The tree height is 3 meters high with beautiful canopy, and the blades are small and colorful. Palm is naturally the first species. Here we take reunion coconut as an example to talk about the cultivation method of ornamental palm.
Palm seed shells are relatively hard, not easy to sprout, before sowing, after 10-15 days of soaking treatment, seeds should be selected from the vigorous growth, no pests of the mother tree, general sand germination time in about mid-October, sand selection Clean river sand and require 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection.
It is usually required to shade the sand on the sand bed and water once a day in the morning and evening to keep the sand bed moist. When showering,
The entire sand bed, the water flow is not too much, the amount of water to the sand bed is not limited to water, sandy soil moisture content of about 30-40%. Different palm varieties have different seed budding times. For example, reunion coconuts have a relatively short sprouting time, about 30-45 days, and a long one takes about 1 year. When young shoots grow to a height of 5-8 cm, they need to be timely. , transplanted into a nutritional bag to continue maintenance. The emergence of reunion coconuts is relatively neat and the emergence rate is about 85%-90%.
It is forbidden to transplant and plant plants in winter after November. The best transplanting time is from May to June after the spring, and the survival rate at this time is relatively high. Its growth speed is relatively fast, generally it can grow to 30-40cm in one and a half years. After planting two species, it entered a period of high growth. At this time, reunion coconuts produced three to five leaves. Its cold resistance is relatively poor. If it suffers cold damage in winter, it will stop growing. Generally winter temperature should be maintained at Above 5°C.
The fertilization management of potted palms should not be neglected. We must adopt the principle of diligence and thinning, and burn the palm seedlings when the amount of fertilizer is exceeded. If the amount of fertilizer is insufficient, the young seedlings will grow slowly and form small old seedlings, usually 15-20 days. Fertilizers, farmyard fertilizers and compound fertilizers can be applied alternately, and the amount can be determined according to the growth of palms. The proportion of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 3:1:3. Generally, the fertilizer will be stopped after September every year, so as to prevent the seedlings from growing and affecting the nature process, which is not conducive to wintering seedlings. Expert Tip: Compound fertilizer can add some magnesium and trace elements, which will help improve the color of the leaves.
Ornamental palm is a foliage plant, so we must pay attention to the maintenance of the foliage. Damaged or diseased leaves will affect the commercial quality of ornamental palm. Generally, planting areas must be shaded and the shading degree should be 30%. It is better to install sprinkler equipment with humidity control within 30-40%, and the temperature requirement varies according to the variety. Generally, the palm can grow and grow in 18-35°C. Palms do not need shade, but there are warming facilities in the winter greenhouses.
The pest control of ornamental palm can not be taken lightly. The most difficult to deal with is the leaf spot caused by fungi.
The main prevention is production, which can be sprayed with 800-1000 times liquid for prevention and treatment.
Throughout the growing season, the amount of water required for ornamental palms is relatively large. In summer, the temperature is high and the amount of evaporation is high. Sooner or later, we must pour water once. The amount of water in spring and autumn rainy season can be appropriately less. The irrigation water is better with rainwater and river water, and the tap water and sewage are the worst. Because the growth of palm root requires oxygen, the oxygen content of rainwater can reach 8 parts per million, while the oxygen content of the tap water is less than 1/4 of that of rainwater. Combined with the usual watering can apply some 0.5% of urea liquid fertilizer to promote plant growth.
After two years of meticulous care, reunion coconuts can be planted, and other ornamental palms will be available for sale for the next 2-3 years. Before planting, the plants should be pruned and a beautiful flowerpot should be used to sell them. The price, then the family to care for potted palms need to pay attention to what?
Experts suggest: 1 potted palm, should be placed in indoor ventilated place, 2 can not be placed under the air conditioning potted palm, the distance is 5cm as well. 3 Spray a few leaflets of water per day with a sprayer and spray some foliar fertilizer every 2 weeks.
Here we introduce to you a few ornamental palm varieties, this is a bottle of coconut, native Masgalini, is relatively rare in the country, you see it more like a bottle. Its dry stems are peculiarly swelled with a maximum stem diameter of 38-60 cm, cylindrical sheaths, pinnate leaves, and lanceolate leaves. As a garden and potted plant, the cold tolerance is about 3°C. And it is more drought-resistant and wind-resistant.
Hawaiian coconut is native to Mexico, up to 3m high, dioecious, very shade-tolerant, its branches thick, plants upright beauty, leaves like a bamboo leaf, it looks quite a bit bamboo refined temperament, it's There was a shortage of room for no bamboos. I believe friends who like to try bamboo will have a special liking for it.
It is also a rare potted plant native to New Guinea and northeastern Queensland. Its leaves are dark green and unique in shape. They just look like an unopened folding fan and are 20-in length. 30 centimeters or so. The adaptability of the thorn palm tree palm is also relatively strong, the temperature can grow vigorously between 15-32°C, and it is easy to transplant and does not require special conservation measures.
This species is called Dian Wei Kui. Relatively speaking, the people are still relatively hot. Its leaves are feathered and neatly arranged. They look like the tail of a peacock, so it has a nice name called Pterisella fulvus. Hi warm, moist, semi-shady and sheltered from the growing environment, grow faster, usually 1-2 years of plant height of 1-3 meters suitable for office or hotel placement.
Can you guess its name from the shape of the leaves of this species? By the way, this leaf resembles a palmtail species called the palmtail. It is also rare in the palm family and is native to Mexico. Its plants can be up to 6-7 meters in height, generally 2-3 years old, with a height of 4 meters or less suitable for potting, and pruning and shaping should be carried out when curing. The biggest attraction of the hollyhock is naturally his unique leaves. The breeze blows through them. These leaves are more like small fish swimming freely.
Watching palms is really beautiful. I also want to plant a pot.
Hormone:
A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. Many hormones are secreted by special glands, such as thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Hormones are essential for every activity of life, including the processes of digestion, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and mood control. Many hormones, such as neurotransmitters, are active in more than one physical process.
Endocrine:
Pertaining to hormones and the glands that make and secrete them into the bloodstream through which they travel to affect distant organs. The endocrine sites include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids, heart (which makes atrial-natriuretic peptide), the stomach and intestines, islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, the adrenal glands, the kidney (which makes renin, erythropoietin, and calcitriol), fat cells (which make leptin). the testes, the ovarian follicle (estrogens) and the corpus luteum in the ovary). Endocrine is as opposed to exocrine. (The exocrine glands include the salivary glands, sweat glands and glands within the gastrointestinal tract.)
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