With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for Hericium is increasing, and the collection alone cannot meet the market needs. The technique of artificial cultivation of the Hericium came into being. After researching and exploring the biological characteristics of wild Hericium, scientific and technical personnel mastered various conditions and related technologies required for the growth and development of Hericium erinaceus. At present, the method of artificial breeding of Hericium mainly includes plastic bag cultivation, bottle cultivation, and briquetting cultivation. (1) Medium Formula 1 Wood chips formula. 78% of wood chips, 20% of rice bran, 1% of sucrose and gypsum powder. 2 straw powder formula. 75% of straw powder, 20% of wheat bran, 3% of soybean powder, 1% of sucrose and gypsum powder. 3 corn cob recipe. 78% corncob, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and gypsum powder. 4 waste paper formula. 75% of waste paper, 22% of wheat bran, 1% of urea, and 1% of sucrose and gypsum powder. pH 5-6. Water material weight ratio 1:1. (2) Bagging and bottling Here we focus on two cultivation methods, namely plastic bag cultivation and bottle cultivation. 1 bagging. Plastic bags are made of polypropylene plastic because they are resistant to high temperatures. When mixing the mixed ingredients into the bag, fill the bottom of the plastic bag first, especially the bottom two corners. Because the bottom corner is easy to leave space, it will affect the development of mycelium in the future. When the material is placed 10 cm away from the mouth of the bag, the mouth of the bag is covered with a plastic neck, and then tied with a rope, and a tampon is plugged. The loading of the bag is required to be uniform and up and down, and the material surface is pressed and pressed flat by hand or a small board. 2 bottling. Bottling is best done with large-bore glass bottles, and canned bottles are generally used. One is to facilitate manual filling, and the other is that cans are cheap and reduce costs. Care should be taken when filling the bottle to loosen up and down - so that the material is flattened when mounted on the shoulder. Insert a hole in the middle of the material to prepare for inoculation. Then use clean water to clean the inside and outside of the bottle mouth and the bottle body and plug the tampon. (3) Sterilization of bacteria 1 Sterilization. After the plastic bags and bottles are filled, they are placed in a steamer and sterilized under normal pressure and sterilized in boiling water for 8 consecutive hours. Conditional available autoclave pressure is 1.4 to 1.5 kg/cm2, sterilization for 2 to 2.5 hours. Sterilization should be timely. That is, it must be sterilized on the day of loading so as to prevent moldy deterioration of the culture material. Bottled substitutes are thicker and have a heavier texture. The sterilization time is longer than that of plastic bags. 2 access to bacteria. After sterilization, when the feed temperature dropped to 30°C, it was transferred to an inoculation box or a sterile room for inoculation. The inoculation box must first be fully disinfected with alcohol; the inoculation room must also be disinfected. Repeat the ignition with alcohol lamp according to the kind of tool to prevent contamination with bacteria. When inoculating, use a spoon-shaped tool to dig a bean-sized strain of bacteria into the bag or bottle. The strains and culture materials should be tightly packed and then enter the culture room. (4) Management of hyphae and fruiting bodies during growth period After inoculation, the bacterial bags and the bacteria bottles are formed into hyphae through the development of mycelium in the culture room. In the process, gradually reduce the temperature and gradually increase the humidity. The mycelium growth phase is controlled at 23-26°C at room temperature, and the relative humidity in air is about 65%. Hyphae can fill bags and bottles for 1 month. When the mycelium matures and produces fruit bodies, the temperature should drop to about 21°C. The interior should be protected from direct light, scattered light, and ventilation. After 7-8 days, the bean germs (ie, fruit body embryos) appeared on the material surface, and the room temperature was reduced to about 19°C. The relative humidity of the air was increased to 85%. At this time, the bags are to be removed together with tampons and collars, and the pockets are opened to expose the bacteria beans; the bottled tampons are removed and the bottles are placed on shelves. Bag mouth, bottle mouth should be placed in the opposite direction. When water is sprayed, the water side asks to face away from the bag or bottle to prevent the water from entering or dropping into the bag or bottle to prevent the infection of the bacteria. In this way, about half a month, the child entity can harvest.
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