Shallots are rich in aromas and nutritious. In the past, as a hotel, restaurant commonly used incense spices and instant noodles dehydrated vegetable seasoning. In recent years, as one of the vegetable varieties exported, it has become very popular and has gradually entered the homes of ordinary people as seasoned vegetables for fish, shrimp and soup. Chives have strong adaptability, short growing period, insusceptible to pests and diseases, and easy cultivation. Although the yield per mu is only about 1,000 kg, the economic efficiency is higher. First, the environmental requirements. Chives like cool climate, cold and heat resistance are strong, germination temperature is 13-20 degrees Celsius, suitable temperature for the growth of 18-23 degrees Celsius, root growth suitable temperature 14-18 degrees Celsius, in the temperature of 28 degrees Celsius Slow growth. Due to the shallow distribution of roots, the water requirement is less than that of onion, but it is not tolerant to drought. The suitable soil moisture is 70%-80% and the suitable air humidity is 60%-70%. The medium intensity is required for the light conditions, and the tissue tends to be aged under strong light conditions, and the fibers increase and the quality deteriorates. Loamy soils and loam soils that are suitable for looseness, fertility, drainage, and watering are not suitable for planting in sandy lands, but require a balanced supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements, and cannot use nitrogen fertilizers alone. Second, the planting season. The open land is planted in spring and autumn; the protected area can be planted all year except in summer; the northern mountains in Yanqing, Huairou and Miyun can be covered with shade nets in the summer. It is generally harvested 60-80 days after sowing and can be harvested 30 days after transplanting. Third, choose a good seed. Selection of strong varieties of purple flowers, the current season with small onions and Fujian chives performed better. Fourth, the basal fertilizer for soil preparation. Regardless of whether seedlings are planted or transplanted, the land must be finely grounded and basal. Apply per acre 3,000 kg of finely ground organic fertilizer or 1000 kg of chicken manure after puffing; make a 1.5 m wide and 8-10 m long pluton, and make summer and low-lying plots higher. The floor is 15-20 centimeters high, surrounded by drains. Fifth, sowing nursery. Drilling or sowing method, drill spacing 10 cm, cover soil 1.5-2 cm thick; use 2-4 kg per acre, to prevent the harm of underground pests, before sowing with phoxim mixed with sieve fine soil in the bed On the other hand, it can also be used as a poison bait made from wheat bran mixed with sauteed vegetables. In the evening, it is sprinkled on a seedbed after sowing, and water is poured on the bottom of the plant. Six, transplant planting. 40-50 days after sowing can be transplanted, every 8-10 strains of a hole, spacing 12-20 cm, 8-10 cm from the hole, should not be deep shallow, suitable for 4-6 cm, timely planting water. It can also be harvested directly after sowing without transplanting. Seven, field management. Before and after emergence and survival after transplanting, the soil should not be arid, and it should be well-watered. Watering should be controlled during the first and third leaf stages of seedlings and after transplanting, and cultivating loose soil once or twice a year to promote root growth. Water once in 10 days. If the application of basal fertilizer is too small, or if the harvesting period is too long, top dressing should be applied 1-2 times, and 300 kg of cooked chicken manure should be applied per mu. Spread in rows and timely cultivating, such as opening a hole, the effect is better. Roots should be soiled 1-2 times in the later period. In summer, the temperature is high and the light is strong. VIII. Pest control. Mainly downy mildew, gray mold, purple spot and thrips, leaf miners and other hazards. Agricultural prevention and control and physical control methods should be adopted to prevent the occurrence of disease. When the occurrence is heavy, biological or low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides can be used for prevention and control. When pesticides are added, “eliminate liquid†or “effectiveness increase†and other pesticide additives are added. The spreading nature of the blades.
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