Straw mushroom is a high-temperature type mushroom suitable for cultivation in the summer. It is tender, delicious, nutritious, rich in protein, carbohydrates and vitamins. Straw mushroom has the simplest cultivation method in many edible fungi, the shortest production cycle (about 20 days), the richest source of raw materials, and the most delicious taste. Its products, whether fresh mushrooms, dried products, or canned products, are well received by consumers in the domestic and foreign markets. Mushroom mycelium growth temperature range 30 ~ 39 °C, the most appropriate temperature is 36 °C, air relative humidity is 80 ~ 85%; fruiting body growth temperature range 22 ~ 34 °C, the most appropriate temperature is 30 °C, air relative The humidity is 85-95%, and the temperature in the culture medium is preferably 32-38°C. First, Jianou sheds are selected for ventilation, water supply is convenient, drainage is easy, sandy loam rich in organic matter as a cultivation site. Remove weeds, turn loose soil, spray concentrated lime water to drive pests in the soil. Do something to the side, 1 meter wide, unlimited length. Dig trenches around the raft to drain water. The bamboo slats were arched and the height of the shed was 0.7-0.8 m. The shed was covered with a plastic film and the soil was pressed with plastic film around it. Second, the preparation of base material for straw mushroom growth of a lot of culture materials, cottonseed husk as a culture material is the best. Formula: 95% cottonseed hull, 5% lime, and 1.8 times the weight of dry material. Before cultivation, the culture materials should be mixed evenly according to the formulation requirements, and the fermentation should be accumulated for 5-7 days. The fermentation method is: After mixing the material with water, it is piled into a long heap of 1 meter in width and 60 to 70 centimeters in height. The length is not limited, and a small amount can also be piled into a round pile. On both sides of the pile, oblique holes with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm are drilled to the bottom of the pile. The distance between the holes is 10 cm for ventilation. A thermometer was placed on the stack to observe the temperature of the stack. After 2 to 3 days, the stack temperature could rise above 55°C. At this time, the first turning was possible. The method of turning the heap is to turn the internal material to the outside, the external material is turned to the inside, and then the fermentation is carried out. After 1 day, the temperature of the material is raised again to about 60°C, and then the second turning is performed. Generally, it is possible to achieve sufficient fermentation by turning 3 times. Third, shop seeding The fermented cottonseed husks are transported to the trampoline in a wave-like manner, about 30 centimeters in width, 12 to 14 centimeters in wave height, and 1 to 1.5 centimeters in depth. Seeding methods can be used for sowing, hole sowing or mixed sowing. The top layer of sowing should be large, preferably accounting for 50% of the sowing amount. Then cover the plastic film on top and then cover the straw on the plastic film on the small arch. Fourth, management measures (1) pay attention to insulation. When the temperature is low, sunny days at around 10 o'clock in the morning will increase the temperature of the straw curtains, and at around 4 o'clock in the afternoon, straw curtains will be kept warm. Rainy and windy days will not reveal the straw curtains. When the temperature is hotter, it is necessary to cool down properly. At high temperatures, it is not possible to open the curtain at noon. It can only be opened sooner or later. In short, we must pay attention to the temperature of the material generally can not exceed 40 °C, the temperature of the material table can not exceed 36 °C generally; when the material temperature is low, try to keep warm, the material temperature should not be lower than 30 °C. (2) Pay attention to moisturizing. If the weather is dry and the soil and culture materials are dry, it is best to add water at noon to make the soil moist. The water in the ditch is less than 1 cm below the bottom of the raft. Generally, the water temperature cannot be too low, preferably 28 to 35°C. (3) pay attention to ventilation. Every day, the ventilation temperature and ventilation are checked, and after 3 to 5 days of sowing, the ventilation volume is increased. Generally, the four corners of the plastic film are opened and ventilated twice, each time for about 1 hour. (4) Cover soil. After 5-7 days of sowing, the mycelium grows up with a trampoline. At this time, clean and fertile garden soil should be selected to cover the earth. The soil layer is controlled at 1 to 1.5 cm thick. The moisture content of the soil must be controlled by the pinching of the soil and let it spread. After the cover soil still has to cover the film, until the mycelium grows to the soil layer and then lift the film. V. Mushroom management When the kinks of the mycelium begin to mushroom, management begins. Pay attention to temperature and moisture, generally can not be directly watered, mainly by irrigation into the ditch so that the soil is moist, culture materials absorb water, in order to provide for growth and development needs of mushroom buds; to expose the light penetration, in order to facilitate mushroom development. Six, timely harvesting in the mushroom mushroom body grow to the egg shape is not broken when the harvest, harvesting too late to cause the mushroom body to open umbrellas, reduce commodity value. After harvesting straw mushrooms are difficult to keep fresh, in the high temperature season above 30 °C, 4 ~ 5 hours after the eggs are harvested, the open rate is up to 50%, so it should be treated in time. The sales of fresh products must be listed as soon as possible, and canned foods must be processed in a timely manner.
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