The cause and countermeasure of dead mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus

First, the cause of death of mushroom buds: 1. The air is too dry. 2. After the formation of the primordium, the temperature suddenly rose and sustained high temperatures occurred, or encountered a lower temperature, resulting in the stipe to stop feeding nutrients to the cap, so that the bud gradually withered and died. 3. Humidity or water directly to the mushroom body, so that the bud died of oxygen suffocation.
Countermeasures: 1. After the formation of mushroom buds, pay close attention to the moisture content of the culture materials. When the water content is insufficient, irrigate the water into the ditch so that the surface of the water is kept flat with the cultivated buckwheat noodles. For the bags, the nutrient solution can be directly injected into the material. The preparation of nutrient solution is: 50 kg of water plus 125 g of urea, 45 g of monopotassium phosphate, and 500 g of white sugar. The amount of nutrient solution is added so that the weight of the entire bag is the same as the weight of the bag immediately after it is opened. When using the mud wall method, the above nutrient solution with a depth of 2 cm should be filled in the top wall of the wall. 2. Mushroom bud differentiation should pay attention to maintaining the mushroom room temperature stability, timely ventilation and cooling or insulation. 3. Around the cultivation site, deep drainage shall be conducted to prevent water accumulation in the mushroom bed. During the replenishment process, direct watering of the mushroom body is prohibited.
Second, the young mushroom death causes: 1. The bacteria strain is too old and the amount of seed used is too large. When the mycelium is not yet full or the culture medium is allowed to grow, a large number of young buds appear. Since the mycelium in the culture material has not yet reached a physiological maturity, the nutrient supply will not be available when the mushroom ages. And shrinking to death. 2. The raw material is too dense, resulting in insufficient nutrition of the group and the death of the young mushroom. The distinctive feature of this type of mushroom is the large amount of death of the young mushroom. 3. When harvesting mature fruit bodies, the mushroom on the bed suffers from vibrations and bumps and causes death. 4. Insects have died of infection. The mushroom showed yellowish rot or brownish soft rot and finally dried up; when the humidity was high, it was water-stained and touched the dead mushroom. Check the culture materials, visible activities of mushroom fly, fleas and so on.
Countermeasures: 1. To avoid the use of bacterial strains with excessive bacterial age, the growth of fruiting bodies above the culture medium or the growth of fruit bodies from the gaps in the caps indicates that the bacterial strains have a relatively high bacterial age and should be restricted in use. When the bottom of the bottle has a small amount of yellow water, it has no use value. The optimum amount of bacteria is 4% to 12% of the cultivation material, which is more when the raw material is cultivated, and less when the clinker is cultivated. Avoid blindly increasing the seed amount. 2. When the juvenile mushrooms appear too dense on the material surface, some of the juvenile mushrooms can be artificially removed to reduce nutrient consumption. Can also use animal compound humic acid sodium 400 times spray culture material, or with a long time (B9) 5 grams, 20 grams of magnesium sulfate, boric acid 5 grams, 10 grams of zinc sulfate, vitamin B1250 mg, urea 20 grams, 50 kg of water was formulated into a compound nutrient solution to provide nutrients to supplement the nutrients and promote rapid enlargement of fruit bodies. 3. When harvesting mature fruiting bodies, the action should be light. Use a sharp knife to cut along the root of the fruit body to avoid vibrations and bruise the young mushrooms. 4. Before the mushroom shed is put into use, it is necessary to do a good job of pest control and sterilization of the site, extinguish mushroom fly and miscellaneous bacteria. According to each m3 sulfur 10 ~ 12 grams, formaldehyde 8 ~ 10 ml, dichlorvos 1 ~ 2 mg, sealed stuffy fumigation for 24 hours, even smoked 2 to 3 times. The old mushroom room needs to be brushed with lime. This basically ensures that no heavier diseases occur in the entire cultivation cycle. In the event of fruiting insects and other harmful insect pests in the mushrooming period, the net 3000 times solution of the mushroom planted on the bed is directly injected into the material, and 2.5 to 5 kilograms of the chemical agent is injected per 50 kilograms of the culture material, but it is noted that the bed cannot accumulate water for a long time. For wall-type bags, use the mushroom net 3000 times liquid to pour into the bag and soak for 1 day. The next day, the excess liquid is poured out and can be processed twice in succession.
Third, the death of big mushrooms: 1. The mushrooming environment was too tight and the carbon dioxide concentration was too high, resulting in the death of the big mushroom. The distinctive feature is that some of the mushroom body malformations occur first and then yellow and die. 2. Pest damage.
Countermeasures: 1. Strengthen ventilation, especially in the mushrooming stage, several small windows can be opened around the shed. Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in winter can be opened at 10 o'clock in the morning with small ventilation, ending at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, but be careful not to allow the wind to directly blow the fruit. 2. In the early stage of pest occurrence, 1.8% of avermectin EC can be sprayed with 2000 times spray.

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