Flowers spit green a few days, new shoots hang down, leaf folds, three or five days later, the leaves will fall off and die. Summarized the cause of death of the seedlings are: disease, pests, fertilizer, medicine, water, light and temperature, abuse Plant pests and so on. They are described below: Diseases: Blight and bacterial soft rot damage the stems and roots of plants, so that the roots lose the function of absorbing nutrients, forcing young shoots to cope with the evaporation of strong sunlight, losing the supply and dehydration. It is not easy to find in the early stages. Once the leaf wrinkle branches come to rescue, the survival rate is very low. In addition, there are anthrax, leaf mold, black spot, because there is no timely treatment, resulting in the edge of the edge and the tip of the leaves have nearly round spots of varying sizes, or stubby shoots. The overwintering parietal leaves (leaves that germinate in the late autumn and early winter) are yellowish in color, and the main branch veins at the base of the leaves have a pale brown image. The leaves are arched downward and rotted. Prevention and control measures: Soil disinfection: flue-cured tobacco fields and early barley fields, soil disinfection is more important, usually with eighty times the formalin, or five hundred times carbendazim, dexamethasone, thiophanate, Pour - Tumble earth - splash. Seedling disinfection: The discovery of fungal nodules, leaf spots, stem branch skin color, it is necessary to remove the diseased leaves, diseased roots, diseased skin, sprayed with 0.1% potassium permanganate, or with 500 times liquid "enexone", " Carbendazim or 20% ginger juice to disinfect. Control water: Do not dry, do not apply fertilizer watering, anti-rainstorm. Clear the lesions: remove the diseased leaves in time, replace the soil of the diseased plants and sterilize them. Timely rescue: When the diseased plant is found, it is immediately dug up, cut off the root cause, disinfected and replaced with soil, pay attention to ventilation, prevent sun exposure, and prevent rain, resulting in dew. Spraying and pouring five hundred times the liquid "carbendazim" and "enemone pine", plus one or two meters of vinegar, and then medication every other day, three times in a row. Sooner or later, spray the leaves. Prevention and control of census: Comprehensive census, comprehensive prevention and control, every three days, spraying, pouring fungicide and adding agricultural streptomycin. Insect pests: Insect pests of flowers, the scariest are nematodes, scale insects and ground tigers. The nematode, which harms the roots, leaves yellowish spots--brown--black; the fine roots are rotted. The scale insects have yellowish-white spots on the back of the leaves and pale yellow spots on the leaves, which can easily cause soot. The ground tiger, injurious to the saplings, bites off the seedling leaves and new shoots. Control measures: 1. Optional trichlorfon, dichlorvos, omethoate spraying on foliar, leaf dorsal and rooting. Second, check the seedbed in the morning and find that there are branches and leaves that have been bitten by the tiger. The tiger is dug in the topsoil within twenty-two square centimeters of the seedling. Fertilizer harm: Improper fertilization: too short interval between fertilization, high concentration of fertilizer, and root of burns; or if the soil is not dry or excessively watery, increase the amount of fertilizer to impregnate young roots and cause no new roots or even young roots to rot. Corrective measures: 1. Fertilize when the soil is half dry, that is, it is appropriate after sunny days. Second, the fertilizer is not concentrated rather than strong; farm organic fertilizer 5-15%, 0.5-1 percent of chemical fertilizer is appropriate. After the seedlings are fertilized, they should be sprayed with water. Third, it is appropriate to apply three times a month, and it is appropriate to fertilize once outside the roots. 4. Select organic manure such as decomposing manure and urine, intermix or mix "Trimix", superphosphate, potassium nitrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Do not mix the varieties of miscellaneous, note that do not mix acid and alkali fertilizers to generate difficult-to-absorb salt. Pay attention to the application of manganese, iron, calcium, boron, sulfur and other trace elements. Phytotoxicity: Over-concentration of medication, short interval time, too much mixture of varieties, long waiting time after mixing medicines, inappropriate medication time, etc., will cause burns buds, young leaves, larva roots, secondary infections, or resistance Medicinal, drug allergies, make the plant breathing blocked, suffocated and died. Corrective measures: First, the concentration according to the instructions; Second, grasp the law of life of pests and diseases, targeted prevention and control; Third, the drug mixture, to check the table, do not mix acid and alkali pesticides, mixed species not too much, three or so is appropriate Fourth, the diseased plants should not be mixed with fertilizer; Fifth, spraying time is appropriate after 4:30 pm, because the light is weak to avoid burns at the same time, at the same time, the leaf holes open, the drug can be circulated with the body kick in. Water damage: Water damage refers to poor drainage, roots are wet and fragile; or due to poor drainage, resulting in soil compaction, poor root ventilation, and new roots are not easy to grow. Care should be taken to prevent rain from scouring. It is advisable to have no water in the trenches after the rain. Light temperature cellar: The damage refers to the sun is too hot, there is no proper shade, weak strains, diseased seedlings are easily burned; temperature damage refers to the plastic film met the sun did not promptly opened and suffocated, burned to death. Excessive planting damage: the damage refers to rough and rough, insects, eggs are not removed, the soil is not disinfected, the consolidation soil is not improved, the seedlings are planted too deep or too shallow (crop on the roots is appropriate), the intervals are too dense, the field is seedlings The clay in the root was not washed.
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