The wintering period of rapeseed is the lowest temperature in the year from January to the beginning of the spring. At this time, the temperature is extremely low, the growth and development of rapeseed is very slow, and it is an adaptability against low temperature. However, the structure of rapeseed is relatively soft, the water content in the body is more, the cold resistance is not as strong as that of wheat crops, and it often suffers from freezing damage and affects the yield. At present, rapeseed is in the mid-winter period. Strengthening the smooth wintering of rapeseed is the most critical period, and five effective technical measures are needed.
First, heavy application of wax fertilizer. Apply organic fertilizers such as manure, compost, ash manure, or human waste to the rapeseed line to increase the soil temperature by 2 to 3 °C to ensure nutrient supply during wintering or twitching and flowering, especially in the cell. The cells hold water and are not easy to freeze at lower temperatures; increasing the concentration of soil solution and salt, so that the soil is not easy to freeze and reduce rooting.
Second, cultivating soil. The cultivating and cultivating soil of rapeseed can make the soil loose and increase the soil temperature, and can directly protect the roots, which is beneficial to root growth and rooting prevention.
Third, clear the ditch drainage, clear snow and ice. It can not only avoid excessive waterlogging, hinder the growth of roots, but also avoid waterlogging into ice, daily freezing and freezing, aggravating freezing damage, playing a role in heat preservation, promoting roots and protecting leaves, and promoting strong wintering of seedlings.
4. Irrigation or ashing to prevent freezing. Irrigation before freezing can reduce the temperature difference between day and night, improve the microclimate in the field, mitigate low temperature attacks, and prevent dry and dead seedlings. It is also possible to apply a layer of chaff ash or grass ash on the surface of rapeseed, which has a certain effect on preventing freezing damage.
Fifth, timely removal of early morning and early flowers. In order to resist cold and freeze damage, obtain high yield of rapeseed, and timely pick up the plants that have appeared early and early flowering, inhibit the growth of the top growth, change the way of nutrient operation in the plant, and make the center of nutrition distribution shift from the main stem to the lower branch. Promote branch development. After picking the mites, it is necessary to promptly apply the quick-acting fertilizer, promote branching, increase the fruiting part, and improve the yield and quality of rapeseed.
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