Experts talk about freshwater bred Brazilian brazilian breeding 2004-9-15 9:54:29 View the comment Moderator: Fish is superior to other meats with high protein, low fat, so now aquatic products have become modeling curves. The darling of women and healthy people, and with the development of aquaculture, the types of aquatic products are even more varied, and the Baimaojiao, the four homes fishes needless to say, there are raw three-pattern fish, there are suitable for frying Fried spring fish, on the counters of aquatic products on the recent days, there is another mysterious guest in Brazil. It is said that it is delicious, merchants are interested, and ordinary people like it. However, in the aquatic products we are familiar with, we have not yet seen this word. Is it raised in seawater or in fresh water? Brazilian bran, native to South America, is a tropical fish. In the lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, the used brazilian brahma is timid and likes to live on the bottom of the water body. The side of the flat body is similar to the squid and squid. They look in silver armor, eyes that are indistinguishable from the squid and squid. They roam around in the water and they always feel that they are guarding against outsiders. The invasion, waiting for their home. Brazilian bran is a new species of freshwater fish imported from China in recent years, in order to let farmers know more about this new species. We invited the head of Yin station of the Beijing Fisheries Station. Teacher Yin, I think now, in some cities in the North, it seems that there are not many Brazilians who sell braziers. Why is this? What is the current situation of Brazilian aquaculture? Teacher Yin: This is mainly due to the fact that Brazilian badgers are hot-water fish. Under natural conditions, they cannot normally winter. Therefore, in the northern market in winter, there are very few Brazilian cockroaches. In addition, Brazil was first introduced from South America by Zhejiang Freshwater Institute in 1996. Since 1998, it was introduced from Zhejiang to Hubei and Anhui. The introduction of a new breed, its successful cultivation, and the recognition of consumers all require a process. Therefore, the output of Brazilian bran in China is not very high. Take Anhui Province as an example. Their annual output is only 100,000 to 150,000 kilograms. However, due to the excellent breeding of Brazilian bran, the food and feed are very wide, and the growth rate is very fast. Therefore, Brazilian bran production has been developing rapidly in China, and it is still very fast. Moreover, due to its delicious meat quality, it is gradually becoming more and more familiar to consumers. China's food culture is world-famous. The foods in East, West, South and North have their own uniqueness. Do not look at me this person is very slim, there is a delicious taste, the first time to Anhui Province, Hefei, how have to eat a authentic Anhui cuisine, ah, you smash the table of vegetables. Staff: We have a special dish here, steamed in Brazil. Would you like to try it? Brazilian 鲷 is a speciality of this hotel and it is very delicious. Steamed, braised. Look at this table and point it. Reporter: Go and see. Staff: You see this is steamed brazilian. Reporter: What is the taste of this Brazilian oyster? Guest: Yes, it tastes good. The meat is tender and very good. We order this dish every time. Reporter: Miss, give us a copy. Staff: We have a raising prince here. He had a good harvest this year. This fish was raised by him. There is such a figure, then we have to know about this trophy king. I am now in Xijing Village, Baohe District, Hefei City, Anhui Province. Just now we said the fish pond that raised the king, it is here. It is said that It turned out to be a low-lying area. When it rained, it was flooded. The old soup was here. A fish pond was built and the brazilian oysters were raised. There was no expense, and the old soup was encountered on the side of the soup pond. Reporter: What are you busy with here? Lao Tang: It is winter now. Prepare clear ponds for disinfection. Prepare brazilians for next year. Reporter: You are raising a king, not a worker? Also personally come? Lao Tang: Some things do not personally go to the pond, my heart is not practical. Reporter: Is it difficult for the Brazilian to wait? In fact, things are the same. It is not difficult for the participants, not for the hardest ones. Lao Tang has raised fish for 20 years. He has lost more and earned less over the years. Since 2001, Brazil has been raised. This is a major turning point in his career in breeding. Lao Tang: When we originally had four classes, they recommended this fish. This fish has beautiful appearance, strong adaptability, wide appetite, delicate meat, fast growth, and good economic benefits. It can sell 5 or 6 pieces per kilogram. How much was bought at the time, the first time I bought 2,000. After I bought it back, I thought that I would be able to make money by going into the pond according to the convention. After the results were put into the pond, when the fish began to die, 35 or 35 fish lived, how could one die? As a result, the fish died more and more afterwards. At this time, I felt tight. I had a look at all the fish on the body. The fish in the pond, and some of the fish in the pond, traveled alone and did not eat much. Finally, I panicked. I invited a Zheng engineer from the Aquatic Products Farm. Reporter: What was the situation then? Zheng: Master Tang called us and we drove over. After coming over, we observed that the fish had acquired hydromycosis. Reporter: What was the cause? Zheng: The fish had got watery mildew. At that time, the main cause was the first because of the seedlings being transported. It caused trauma. Because Brazil licks the fish, the scales are loose and easy to be injured. When the old soup came back, the fish was not sterilized in time. This is mainly this. The second reason is that because the water temperature is too low, because of the continuous rainy days on the second day of the seedlings of the old soup, the temperature of the water in Tangkou does not come up, causing hydromycosis. Lao Tang: Actually, the fry should be disinfected before the pond. I still know it. I was not at home then, and the workers neglected and caused losses. Wait until I know that it is too late to take measures. In fact, water mould disease can be prevented and cured. Potassium permanganate can be cured by splashing. But because the old soup was not saved in time, it was just such a brazil in Brazil. In a few days, he died blind, old soup was regrettable, and when he bought fry, why didn't he pick a good one? When purchasing fish fry, you must first select the fry with no injuries, flexible swimming, and healthy body, otherwise it will cause diseases. The second is to choose fry with a length of more than 10 cm. Too small fry cannot grow into commercial fish in that year. As the saying goes, pigs are selected to look at pig-natured mothers. Choosing good ones can make more food. One proverb says the importance of selection. Where should teachers and peasant friends buy quality and cheap fry? Experts: Since the species of brazilian brahma is very well-bred, the brazilian catfish market is relatively confusing. As long as there are hot water conditions, the family can breed Brazilian brackish fish. The hot water conditions can also be divided into several types. There are hot water in the thermal power plant, hot springs, and heated hot water in the greenhouse. No matter which kind of hot water resource breeds the fish species, as long as the water quality meets the standard, the Brazilian bran species produced should have no problem in the market. However, if there are irregular farms, they are also breeding brazilian fish fry. Some of their fish fry are kept in hot springs with high sulfur content. Such fish fry are bought back, and after stocking, they grow slowly and have many diseases. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to go to the regular farms that open-breed fish breeds to buy fish species. The quality of such seedlings can be guaranteed because the general open-air pond preserves the seed, the water environment is close to the water quality of the farmer's pond, and it is easier to keep It is good for the growth of the seed to select the fry. You don't rush to the pond. There are still many things to do. The brahman is a tropical fish. Under natural conditions, it cannot normally winter, so there are no hot springs and hot water. In the case of resources, do not breed for winter. The most suitable growth temperature for Brazilian bran is 24 to 30 degrees. When the water temperature reaches 20 or less, Brazilian clams stop feeding, and the best breeding period for Brazilian clams is from May to August every year. Breeding Brazilian ponds should not be too big, generally 2-5 acres is the best, which is easy to manage. In the 15 days before the fry hatching, it is necessary to clear the pond. Experts: Qingtang and Feishui are two concepts. Qingtang is to thoroughly disinfect Tangkou with lime in front of the fishery. Kill parasites and germs. Fertilizer means to make basal fat, and to make water of the pond become fat, and to increase zooplankton and plankton in water and feed for fry. In addition, pay attention to stocking density. The main cultivating pond in the mouth of Brazil is stocked with 1,000 to 1200 Brazilian acres per acre, with 200 to 300 flower pods and alum. Why do we have to spend time with the carp and squid in the main mouth of the Brazilian baboon? There are two roles, the first can adjust the water quality, the second can increase the yield per mu. As far as I know, salmon and trout are stocked in winter. The Brazilian quails are generally stocked at the end of April and early May. Why must they be stocked at this time? Because Brazilian bran is a tropical fish, its water temperature is very strict. It can only be released when the natural water temperature reaches 20 degrees Celsius. The first choice of basal fertilizer should be dominated by farmyard fertilizers. The dosage is 200-300 kilograms per mu. The second fry before the lower pond, use 3% salt water soak for 20 minutes to disinfect. Thirdly, the stocking fry for each of the ponds must be of the same specification to ensure that the time for the outflow of the pond is the same when buying fry, and eats a soup with a large loss, learning lessons. This time, when buying fish fry, he picked a careful one. And before the fish ponds under the pond, according to the expert's reminder, made full preparations, not only to the fish to do a thorough disinfection, but also picked a good weather, the fish fell to the pond. Lao Tang thought that there should be no problem this time. Whoever thought about it, there was a dead fish in the pond. This time, Lao Tang learned to hurry to use drugs to treat fish. I never thought that if he died, the more he died, the more he died. This soup is really dumbfounded. What was the situation then? Lao Tang: At that time, it was found that the squid had been erected, and that it was head down and the tails were up. I took a look at it, and I was wormy. Based on my many years of farming experience, I should be the anchor (fishing rod). I was treated with trichlorfon at that time. Reporter: Are you cured? Lao Tang: The head of the squid (fish squid) was cured, but the Brazilian oysters were floating. Reporter: Are you all dead? Lao Tang: It is dead and dead. Reporter: What will happen later? Lao Tang: Afterwards, the fish died more and more. There was no way, and the experts were invited again. Experts: In fact, the head of the squid (fish rod) is very easy to treat. Can be treated with trichlorfon, the effect is very good. However, at the time of the old soup, he ignored the Brazilian quail that was very allergic to trichlorfon and could not use trichlorfon. This piece should pull the sick squid out of Tangkou, divide the pond and treat it with other drugs. Do not use trichlorfon, you can use insecticide. And it will not affect Brazil, and it will work better. Reporter: What diseases will arise during the breeding of brazilian tapirs? Lao Tang: The general Brazilian bran is very resistant to disease and is not susceptible to other diseases, but sometimes it also causes bleeding. When a bleeding disorder is discovered, it must be promptly treated. Otherwise, the mortality rate will be very high, causing great losses to the farmers. When it comes to this bleeding, I feel it and I suffer. Once I got 7,000 kilos of fish and came back to the pond afterwards. After that, I found dead fish. To get a look, the body surface bleeding, I know this is a bleeding disorder, there is no timely treatment. Well, the more we die, the more 7,000 kilograms of fish died. As a result, the loss of more than 30,000 yuan was a total loss of money. Hemorrhagic disease in Brazil is generally a popular season from the end of June to the beginning of September, and it is the epidemic peak from mid-July to mid-August. Once Brazil has caught the disease, the original furazolidone powder can be used, and after it is opened with water, the whole pool will be splashed evenly. After the onset of fish farming, the Brazilian quail will stop dead on the second day. After three days, the fish can basically return to normal. Strengthen the constitution of Brazilian bran and improve the survival rate during transportation. In the breeding process, every 10 days and a half months, it is necessary to pull the net once. Experts: Since the brahma is a tropical fish, the growth rate is very fast, and it is necessary to divide the pond once every two weeks. Dividing the pond and stretching the net can be performed at the same time. During the practice of pulling the net, different specifications of the Brazilian raccoon are used to set the different specifications of the Brazilian pipa in different tangs, so that the specifications of the brazilian pipa in each of the tangs are neat. Reporter: What should you pay attention to in this session? Lao Tang: The main operation should be cautious when pulling nets and nets. It should not cause damage to the fish, and the nets should not be used too hard when used. As the saying goes, water and fertilizers are used to fish, and water is lean to raise grass. Therefore, good water quality is crucial for breeding brazilian bran. It is not enough to observe the quality of water in the eye, but also to use test tools. Reporter: Master Tang, what are the workers doing? Lao Tang: Do a water quality test and make a Tongkou record, mainly measuring water temperature and pH. Reporter: How often do you measure it? Old soup: Three days or so. Reporter: What are the benefits of doing this? Lao Tang: We do this and we have a guiding role for us to correctly understand the quality of the water and feed it to us. This dissolved oxygen test is very important. I once had such an experience. One year after I was under heavy rain, I came to visit the pond. When I walked to the edge of the pond, the fish was on the edge. When it came, it banged. At the time, I knew that it was oxygen-deficient, but I thought that just after the new rain had passed, heavy rains and new rain had just been ignored. Well, when it's dawn, the fish will be flooded. As we took timely measures, fresh water was added at the time and new pumps were opened to increase new rainwater. In this way, 4 or 50 pounds of fish were lost, otherwise the fish in the pond would have died of 80% to 90% of the fish, and the loss would have been great. Under normal conditions, the dissolved oxygen in the water can meet the needs of brazilian bran. However, in the hot summer season and poor water quality, it is difficult to meet the demand for dissolved oxygen in Brazilian bran, often in the middle of the night and In the early morning, there will be a lack of oxygen in fish floating heads. Such measures as old soup are timely, or they will incur disaster. It is easy to inject fresh water. It is also possible to install aerators in ponds. Generally, 10 kilos of fish ponds are equipped with 3 kW aerators, 5 fish ponds are equipped with 3 kW aerators, and there are 3 aerators. One is a liquid energy type aerator, one is a water wheel type, and the other is a fountain type. Fountain-type aerators are self-manufactured using pumping pumps. In fact, the method is very simple. When the pond needs oxygenation, the pumping joints are removed, and the self-made nozzles can be used to increase the oxygen. The effect is not as good as that of liquid energy, but it can be used for two purposes, reducing the cost. The observation of the patrol pond is the most basic daily work. In the early morning, the patrol pond mainly observes the fish’s activities and whether it has floating heads; the patrol pond in the afternoon can check the fish’s activities and eating conditions; the patrol pond mainly checks whether there is any leftover feed in the evening. No floating head omens. Dead fish like this should be fished out in time to avoid polluting the water quality, and the cause of death should be checked so that effective measures can be taken in time. In order to maintain good water quality, fresh water should be replaced every 7 days in the summer every 15 days. One-third of the water in the pool, you can also use 30 grams of lime per acre for 15 days. The whole pool is splashed with water, which can not only adjust the water quality, but also add calcium to Brazilian bran. In order to make the Brazilian roaches grow faster, the old soup did not work hard. People fed two meals a day. The old soup was fed three times a day and the quantity was still quite high. We hoped that the fish would be sold at a good price early in the morning. I did not expect that this fish had eaten a lot of food, but it was growing slower than the fish in the neighbor’s home. Experts: Feeding feed like old soup is not very reasonable. Feeding too much feed can not only be eaten by Brazil's cockroaches, but it can also damage water quality and affect dissolved oxygen in water. Brazilian oysters are easy to float and their growth slows down. Under normal circumstances, as long as feeding Qi Cheng is sufficient. The correct feeding method should be fed according to the size of the fish body according to the size of the fish body. Generally, the feeding amount of the juvenile stage accounts for 8% to 10% of the fish body weight, and the fish stage is 3% to 5% of the fish body weight. % feeding. Feed twice a day, that is, 8:00 am, feed 40% of the feed for the whole day; at 16:00 pm, feed 60% of the feed for the day. Feeding should also be in accordance with the timing, fixed-point, qualitative, quantitative "four set" principle Brazilian quail is a plant-based omnivorous fish, and very bulimia. In captivity, rice bran, bean cake, and wheat bran can be fed. In the pond where the main Brazilian oysters are bred, it is best to feed the full-grain pellets of quail and cod, so that Brazilian cockroaches will grow better. Huang Tian does not pay hard, old soup under the meticulous guidance of the technical staff, after two years of fumbling, hard work is not in vain, his ten fish ponds, this year's total output reached 45,000 kilograms, gross income 300,000 yuan , become a large-scale breeding company in Brazil. Reporter: Are you making big money this year? Lao Tang: This year's benefits are still possible. Reporter: What are the plans for the future? Lao Tang: The next one is to continue to expand the scale of farming, while developing leisure fishing, so that economic efficiency will be better. The days will get better and better. Reporter: You see that the old soup earns 300,000 a year. It seems that it's not difficult to breed Brazilian bran. Experts: There is nothing really technically difficult, but if you want to cultivate Brazil's know-how, you need to get through, management must be in place, and then you have to keep up with the money, because the production of brazilian bran is a short-lived breeding project. It is from fish species. It takes only 180 days to raise to commercial fish, so the feed takes up a lot of money in the breeding process. If the feed does not keep up, it will affect the growth rate of the fry. Because the weather is cold, it has not grown into a commercial fish. , it does not affect the output. Moderator: So what's its market outlook? Experts: In 1998, China introduced this species, and the market price of adult fish is stable. It is highly favored by farmers all over the country, and the aquaculture area continues to increase. Moreover, the fish is delicate and delicious, so the market prospects are broad. However, deep processing has not yet been carried out in China. The main reason is that fish has more body fat and has intermuscular punctures. Therefore, it is difficult to perform deep processing with current technical means. Now it is mainly based on fresh food. However, as the equipment is updated and technology continues to improve, there will be deep-processed products from Brazil. Well, we are looking forward to the early arrival of this day. (
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